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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 1 · Page 115Section

Translation · EN

The second [narration]: It is not mandatory; because hardship is attached to that, so it is pardoned, like the area of cleaning oneself after relieving nature (istinja) and the bottom of shoes.

Section: Muhammad ibn Yahya said: I asked Abu Abd Allah regarding stone graves belonging to the Romans (Rum) into which rain enters, and they drink from it and perform wudu from it. He said: If they were to be washed, how would they be washed! Rain only arrives unless it has already washed them once or twice. The preferred view is to judge them as pure; because water has reached them countless times, and rainwater has flowed over their walls which purifies some of it, and because it is difficult to wash them, so they are analogous to the earth which is purified by the arrival of rain upon it.

6 - Issue: He said: (And if that which has no flowing blood dies in a small amount of water, such as flies, scorpions, beetles, and the like, it does not make it impure.)

"Nafs" here means: blood. Meaning: that which has no flowing blood. The Arabs call blood "nafs". The poet said (1):

I was informed that the sons of Suhaym have introduced Into their houses the heart's blood of the nafs (soul/person) of al-Mundhir.

Meaning: his blood (2). From this, a woman is called "nufasa'" (postpartum) due to the flowing of her blood during childbirth, and the Arabs say: "Nufisat" (3) the woman, when she menstruates, and she is "nufisat" from nifas (postpartum bleeding).

Notes

(17) In M: "due to the attached hardship," and what is confirmed is in: Al-Asl, A. (18) Omitted from M. (19) Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Kahhal al-Mutatabbib al-Baghdadi. He was one of the senior companions of Imam Ahmad, who used to honor and respect him. He possessed many excellent and exhaustive questions [recorded] from Abu Abd Allah. He was among the figures of the third century. Tabaqat al-Hanabila 1/328. (20) In A: "in the Romans." (21) In M: "the water?", and what is confirmed is in: Al-Asl, A. (1) He is Aws ibn Hajar, and the verse is in his Diwan, 47. (2) Tamur: the blood of the heart, and some generalize it to all blood. Al-Asma'i said: It means the lifeblood of his soul, and they had killed him. Al-Lisan (t-m-r).

Arabic (Source)

والثانية، لا يجبُ؛ [لأن المشقَّةَ تَلْحَقُ] (١٧) بذلك، فعُفِىَ عنه، كمَحَلِّ الِاسْتنجاءِ، وأسْفَلِ الحذاء.

فصل: (١٨) قال محمد بن يحيى (١٩): سألتُ أبا عبد اللَّه عن قُبورِ الحجارة التي للرُّوم (٢٠) يَجِىءُ المطرُ فيصيرُ فيها، ويشربون من ذلك، ويتوَضَّؤُون؟ قال: لو غُسِلَتْ كيف تُغْسَلُ! إنَّما (٢١) يجىءُ المطرُ إلَّا أن يكونَ قد غسلَها مَرةً أو مَرَّتيْن. والأَوْلَى الحكمُ بطهارتِها؛ لأنَّ هذه قد أصابَها الماءُ مَرَّاتٍ لا يُحْصَى عددُها، وجَرَى علَى حيطانِها من ماءِ المطر ما يُطَهِّرُها بعضُه، ولأن هذه يَشُقُّ غَسْلُهَا، فأَشْبهَت الأرضَ التي تطْهُر بمجَئِ المطرِ عليها.

٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِذَا مَاتَ فِي الْمَاءِ اليَسِيرِ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ نفْسٌ سَائِلةٌ، مِثْلُ الذُّبَابِ والْعَقْرَبِ والْخُنْفُسَاءِ ومَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلكِ، فَلَا يُنَجِّسُهُ).

النَّفْس ها هنا: الدَّم، يعني: ما ليس له دَمٌ سائل، والعربُ تسمِّى الدم نَفْسًا، قال الشاعر (١):

أُنْبِئْتُ أنَّ بَنىِ سُحَيْمٍ أَدْخَلُوا ... أَبْيَاتَهُمْ تَامُورَ نَفْسِ الْمُنْذِرِ

يعني: دَمَه (٢). ومنه قيل للمرأة: نُفَساء؛ لِسَيَلان دَمِها عند الولادة، وتقول

Notes

(١٧) في م: "للمشقة اللاحقة"، والمثبت في: الأصل، أ.(١٨) سقط من: م.(١٩) أبو جعفر محمد بن يحيى الكحال المتطبب البغدادي، كان من كبار أصحاب الإمام أحمد، وكان يقدمه ويكرمه، وكانت عنده عن أبي عبد اللَّه مسائل كثيرة حسان مشبعة. من رجال القرن الثالث. طبقات الحنابلة ١/ ٣٢٨.(٢٠) في أ: "في الروم".(٢١) في م: "الماء؟ "، المثبت في: الأصل، أ.(١) هو أوس بن حجر، والبيت في ديوانه ٤٧.(٢) التامور: دم القلب، وعم بعضهم به كل دم. وقال الأصمعي: أي مهجة نفسه، وكانوا قتلوه. اللسان (ت م ر).

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