Hamid; because it is a small amount of water that has encountered an impure location, so it resembles the case where it did not purify it.
Abu Bakr (29) said: The ruling of purity for the water that separates from earth only applies if the substance of the urine has already dried (30); if its substance is still present and water flows over it, then the water purifies it. Regarding the separated water, there are two narrations, similar to the case of water separating from other than earth. He said: And it being impure is the more correct view in his statements.
[The Author said:] (31) The more appropriate view is to rule that it is pure, because the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) commanded the washing of the Bedouin’s urine immediately following his urination, and did not stipulate its drying.
Section: If one washes part of an impure garment, it is permissible, and the washed part becomes pure, excluding the rest. If this is done by dipping part of it into a small amount of stagnant water and rubbing it therein, the water becomes impure, and nothing of the garment is purified, because by dipping it into the water, it becomes impure, so it does not purify anything from it. If one pours water over part of it in a basin, what it washes becomes pure, but the water that separates from it is impure, because it is inevitable that the separated water will come into contact with an unwashed part (32), and thus become impure by it.
Section: If the blood of a woman’s menstruation stains her garment (33), it is recommended that she scrape it with her fingernail to remove its roughness, then pinch it so that it softens for washing, then wash it with water, because of the Prophet’s (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) statement to Asma regarding menstrual blood: "Scrape it, then pinch it, then wash it with water." Muttafaq alayh (34). If she limits herself to removing it with water, it is permissible. If its color does not fade, and removing it would be difficult or would ruin and damage the garment, it is excused [due to the Prophet's (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) saying: "And its mark shall not harm you"] (35). And if
(29) In M: "Abu al-Khattab", and the established reading is in the Original and A. Abu Bakr is Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Harun al-Khallal. (30) In M: "the urine", and the established reading is in the Original and A. (31) From: Awhaduha. (32) In M: "the washed item". (33) Omitted from M. (34) See what preceded on page 17; it was not narrated with this exact wording by al-Bukhari. (35) Omitted from the Original. The hadith was recorded by Abu Dawud in: The Chapter of a Woman Washing Her Garment Which She Wears During Her Menstruation, from the Book of Purification. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/88.
حامدٍ؛ لأنه ماءٌ قليلٌ، لَاقَىَ مَحَلًّا نَجِسًا، أشْبَه ما لو لم يُطَهِّرْها.
قال أبو بكر: (٢٩) إنما يُحْكَمُ بطَهارةِ المُنْفَصِلِ مِن الأرض إذا كانتْ قد نَشِفَتْ أعْيانُ البَوْلَة، (٣٠) فإن كانتْ أعْيانُها قائمةً، فجرَى الماءُ عليها، طَهَّرهَا. وفى المُنْفَصِل رِوَايتان، كالمُنْفَصِلِ عن غيرِ الأرْض. قال: وكَوْنُه نَجِسًا أصَحُّ في كلامه.
[قال المصنِّفُ: ] (٣١) والأَوْلَى الحُكْمُ بطهارتهِ؛ لأنَّ النبيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أمَر بغَسْلِ بَوْلِ الأعْرابِىِّ عَقِيبَ بَوْلِه، ولم يشْتَرِطْ نشافَه.
فصل: إذا غَسل بعضَ الثَّوْبِ النَّجِسِ، جازَ، ويطْهُرُ المَغْسولُ دونَ غَيْرِه؛ فإن كان بغَمْسِ بعضِه في ماءٍ يسيرٍ راكِدٍ يَعْرُكُه فيه، نَجُسَ الماءُ، ولم يطْهُرْ منه شيءٌ؛ لأنه بغَمْسِه في الماءِ صار نَجِسًا، فلم يُطهِّرْ منه شيئًا، وإن كان يَصُبُّ علَى بعضِه في جَفْنَةٍ طَهُرَ ما طَهَّرَه، وكان المُنْفَصِلُ نَجِسًا؛ لأنه لا بُدَّ مِن أن يُلَاقِىَ الماءَ المُنْفَصِلَ جزءٌ غيرُ مَغْسُولٍ (٣٢)، فيَنْجُس به.
فصل: إذا أصاب ثَوْبَ المرأةِ مِن (٣٣) دَمِ حَيْضِها، اسْتُحِبَّ أن تَحُتَّه بظُفُرِها، لتذهبَ خُشونَتهُ، ثم تَقْرُصَه لِيَلِين للغَسْلِ، ثم تغْسِلَه بالماء؛ لقَوْل النبيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لأسْماءَ في دمِ الحَيْضِ: "حُتِّيهِ، ثُمَّ اقْرُصِيهِ، ثُمَّ اغْسِلِيهِ بِالْمَاءِ". مُتَّفَق عليه (٣٤). فإن اقْتصَرتْ علَى إزالتهِ بالماءِ جاز، فإن لم يَزُلْ لَوْنُه، وكانت إزالتُه تَشُقُّ أو يُتْلِفُ الثَّوْبَ ويضُرُّه، عُفِىَ عنه [لِقَوْلِ النبيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "وَلَا يَضُرُّكِ أَثَرُهُ] (٣٥) ". وإن
(٢٩) في م: "أبو الخطاب"، والمثبت في: الأصل، أ. وأبو بكر هو أحمد بن محمد بن هارون الخلال.(٣٠) في م: "البول"، والمثبت في: الأصل، أ.(٣١) من: اوحدها.(٣٢) في م: "المغسول".(٣٣) سقط من: م.(٣٤) انظر ما تقدم في صفحة ١٧، ولم يروه بهذا اللفظ البخاري.(٣٥) سقط من: الأصل، والحديث أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب المرأة تغسل ثوبها الذي تلبسه في حيضها، من كتاب الطهارة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ٨٨.
