dips it in the water while intending to wash it therein. Our position is that in the hadith of Abdullah ibn Zayd (15) regarding the description of the wudu of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), he called for water, mentioned his wudu—until he said—and he washed his face three times, then he inserted his hand and withdrew it, and washed his two forearms up to the elbows twice. In the hadith of Uthman (16): Then he scooped with his right hand and poured (17) over his right forearm, washing it up to the elbow three times, then he scooped with his right and washed his left hand. Both were narrated by Sa'id, and the hadith of Abdullah ibn Zayd was narrated by Muslim and others. Everyone who narrated the wudu of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not narrate that he took precautions against scooping water with his hand in the place of its washing. If this were to spoil the water, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would have been the most deserving of knowing it, and it would have been mandatory for him to clarify it due to the pressing need for it, since this is not known without clarification, and no one would guard against it except for one who is over-fastidious. What he mentioned is not valid, because the one who scoops does not intend, by dipping his hand, anything other than the act of scooping, not washing it, making him similar to one who dives into a well to pull up a bucket while in a state of major ritual impurity (janaba), intending nothing other than pulling it up. The intention of scooping opposed the intention of purification and diverted it. And Allah knows best.

28- Issue: He said: (And wiping the head)

There is no disagreement regarding the obligation of wiping the head, and Allah the Exalted has decreed it in His saying: {And wipe over your heads} (1). There is disagreement regarding the extent of the obligation. It has been narrated from Ahmad that it is mandatory to wipe the entirety of it for everyone. This is the apparent statement (2) of al-Khiraqi and the school of Malik. It has also been narrated from Ahmad that wiping some of it is sufficient. Abu al-Harith said: I asked Ahmad: If one wipes his head and leaves some of it? He said: It is sufficient for him. Then he said: And who is able to reach the entire head! It has been narrated from Salama ibn al-Akwa' that he used to wipe the front of his head, and Ibn Umar wiped the crown of his head. Among those who said that wiping a portion is sufficient are al-Hasan, al-Thawri, al-Awza'i, al-Shafi'i, and the People of Opinion (ashab al-ra'y), except