Chapter: The Ritual Bath (Ghusl) for Major Ritual Impurity (Janaba)
58 - Issue: Abu al-Qasim said: "When one becomes in a state of Janaba, he washes what is upon him of filth, performs his ablution (wudu) for prayer, then pours water over his head three times, wetting the roots of the hair, then he lets the water flow over the rest of his body."
Al-Farra’ said: It is said: "januba" the man, and "ajanaba," and "tajanaba," and "ijtanaba," derived from "janaba" (major ritual impurity).
There are two descriptions for the Ghusl for Janaba: a description of sufficiency and a description of perfection. What al-Khiraqi mentioned here is the description of perfection. Some of our companions said: The perfect method involves ten things: the intention (niyya), saying the basmala, washing his hands three times, washing what is upon him of filth, the wudu, scooping water onto his head three times wetting the roots of the hair with it, letting the water flow over the rest of his body, starting with his right side, rubbing his body with his hand, and moving from his place of bathing to wash his feet. It is recommended to interlace the roots of the hair of his head and beard with water before pouring it over them. Ahmad said: The Ghusl for Janaba is based on the hadith of ‘A’isha, which is what was narrated from her; she said: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) performed the Ghusl for Janaba, he would wash his hands three times, perform his wudu for prayer, then interlace his hair with his hand, until when he thought he had wetted his skin, he would pour water over it three times, then wash the rest of his body. Agreed upon. Maymuna said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) performed the wudu for Janaba, and he poured [water] over his hands.
(1) With a damma on the nun and with a kasra. (2) Omitted from the original. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari in: Chapter on Wudu before Ghusl, Chapter on who begins with the hillab or perfume upon bathing, and Chapter on whether the person in Janaba may insert his hand into a vessel before washing it if there is no filth on his hand other than the Janaba, from the Book of Ghusl, 1/72, 73, 74, 76. And Muslim in: Chapter on the description of the Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Menstruation, Sahih Muslim 1/253-255. And Abu Dawud in: Chapter on Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Purification, Sunan Abi Dawud 1/55. And al-Nasa’i in: Chapter on the mention of the person in Janaba washing his hands before inserting them into the vessel, and Chapter on the mention of the wudu of the person in Janaba before the Ghusl, from the Book of Purification, and in: Chapter on beginning with wudu in the Ghusl for Janaba, and Chapter on omitting the wiping of the head in the wudu of Janaba, and Chapter on ensuring the skin is wetted in =
= the Ghusl for Janaba, al-Mujtaba 1/109, 111, 168, 169. And Imam Malik in: Chapter on the practice of Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Purification, al-Muwatta’ 1/44. And Imam Ahmad in: al-Musnad 6/115, 237. (4) In the original: "his hand on the ground". It has been narrated in both ways: once "his hand on the ground" and another time "his hand on the ground". (5) Did not appear in: the original. (6) Reported by al-Bukhari in: Chapter on who performed wudu in Janaba, then washed the rest of his body and did not repeat the washing of the places of wudu again, and Chapter on shaking the hands after the Ghusl from Janaba, from the Book of Ghusl, Sahih al-Bukhari 1/77. And Muslim in: Chapter on the description of the Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Menstruation, Sahih Muslim 1/254. And al-Nasa’i in: Chapter on washing the feet in a place other than the one where he bathes, from the Book of Purification, and in: Chapter on wiping the hand on the ground after washing the private parts, from the Book of Ghusl, al-Mujtaba 1/113, 168. And Ibn Majah in: Chapter on what has been narrated regarding the Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Purification, Sunan Ibn Majah 1/190. And al-Tirmidhi in: Chapter on what has been narrated regarding the Ghusl from Janaba, from the Chapters of Purification, ‘Aridat al-Ahwadhi 1/153. And Imam Ahmad in: al-Musnad 6/335. (7) Al-Hillab: A vessel used for milking, holding the capacity of one milking of a she-camel. (8) Reported by al-Bukhari in: Chapter on who begins with the hillab or perfume upon bathing, from the Book of Ghusl, Sahih al-Bukhari 1/73, 74. And Muslim in: Chapter on the description of the Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Menstruation, Sahih Muslim 1/255. It was also reported by Abu Dawud in: Chapter on Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Purification, Sunan Abi Dawud 1/55. And al-Nasa’i in: Chapter on ensuring the skin is wetted in the Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Ghusl, al-Mujtaba 1/169. And Imam Malik in: Chapter on the practice of Ghusl for Janaba, from the Book of Purification, al-Muwatta’ 1/44. (9) Meaning the transmission.
بابُ الغُسْلِ مِن الجنابةِ
٥٨ - مسألة؛ قال أبو القاسم: (وإذَا أَجْنَبَ غَسَلَ مَا بِهِ مِنْ أَذًى، وتَوَضَّأَ وُضُوءَهُ للصَّلَاةِ، ثم أَفْرَغَ عَلَى رَأسِهِ ثَلَاثًا، يَرْوِى أُصُولَ الشَّعْرِ، ثم يُفيضُ الماءَ عَلَى سائِرِ جَسَدِهِ)
قال الفَرَّاءُ: يقال جَنُبَ (١) الرَّجُلُ وأَجْنَبَ وتَجَنَّبَ (٢) واجْتَنَبَ، مِنَ الجَنَابَةِ.
ولِغُسْلِ الجَنَابَةِ صِفَتَانِ: صِفَةُ إجْزَاءٍ، وصِفَةُ كَمَالٍ، فالذى ذَكَرهُ الْخِرَقِىُّ ههنا صِفَةُ الكمال. قال بعضُ أصحابِنا: الكامِلُ يَأْتِى فيه بعشرةِ أشْياء؛ النِّيَّةِ، والتَّسْمِيَةِ، وغَسْلِ يَدَيْهِ ثَلَاثًا، وغَسْلِ ما به مِنْ أَذًى، والوُضُوءِ، ويَحْثِى على رَأْسِه ثَلَاثًا يَرْوِى بهَا أُصُولَ الشَّعْر، ويُفِيضُ الماءَ على سائِرِ جَسَدِه، ويَبْدَأُ بِشِقِّهِ الأَيْمَنِ، ويَدْلُكُ بَدَنَهُ بِيَدِه، ويَنْتَقِلُ مِنْ مَوْضِعِ غُسْلِه فيَغْسِل قَدَمَيْه. ويُسْتَحَبُّ أنْ يُخَلِّلَ أُصُولَ شَعْرِ رَأْسِه ولِحْيَتِه بماءٍ قبلَ إفَاضَتِه عليه. قال أحمدُ: الغُسْلُ مِن الجنابَةِ على حَدِيثِ عائِشَة، وهو ما رُوِىَ عنها، قالت: كان رَسُولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- إذا اغْتَسَلَ مِنَ الجَنَابَةِ غَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ ثَلَاثًا، وتَوَضَّأَ وُضُوءَهُ للصَّلَاةِ، ثُمَّ يُخَلِّلُ شَعْرَهُ بِيَدِه، حَتَّى إذَا ظَنَّ أنَّه قَدْ أرْوَى بَشَرَتَهُ أفَاضَ عَلَيْهِ الماءَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَ سائِرَ جَسَدِه. مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٣). وقالت مَيْمُونَةُ: وَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- وَضُوءَ الجَنَابَةِ، فأَفْرَغَ على يَدَيْهِ,
(١) بضم النون وكسرها.(٢) سقط من: الأصل.(٣) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب الوضوء قبل الغسل، وباب من بدأ بالحلاب أو الطيب عند الغسل، وباب هل يدخل الجنب يده في الإناء قبل أن يغسلها إذا لم يكن على يده قذر غير الجنابة، من كتاب الغسل ١/ ٧٢، ٧٣، ٧٤، ٧٦. ومسلم، في: باب صفة غسل الجنابة، من كتاب الحيض. صحيح مسلم ١/ ٢٥٣ - ٢٥٥. وأبو داود، في: باب في الغسل من الجنابة، من كتاب الطهارة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ٥٥. والنسائي، في: باب ذكر غسل الجنب يديه قبل أن يدخلهما الإناء، وباب ذكر وضوء الجنب قبل الغسل، من كتاب الطهارة، وفى: باب الابتداء بالوضوء في غسل الجنابة، وباب ترك مسح الرأس في الوضوء من الجنابة، وباب استبراء البشرة في =
