and if we say that maintaining sequence [al-muwalat] is mandatory, he must restart the tayammum in order to achieve sequence. Regarding the length or brevity of the interval, one refers to the measure we mentioned in [the section on] purification, because tayammum is a derivative of it. The ruling on the basmala [saying 'In the name of Allah'] is the same as the ruling on it in wudu, based on the aforementioned disagreement, because it is a substitute for it.
Section: It is mandatory to wipe the hands to the place from which a thief is amputated. Ahmad alluded to this when he was asked about tayammum; he pointed to his palm and did not exceed it, and said: "Allah, the Almighty, said: 'As for the male thief and the female thief, cut off their hands.' From where is the hand of the thief cut? Is it not from here?" And he pointed to the wrist. We have reported something similar from Ibn Abbas. Based on this, if he is amputated above the wrist, wiping the hands is dropped. If he is amputated below it, he wipes what remains. If [the amputation] is at the joint, Ibn Aqil said: He wipes the site of the amputation. He said: Ahmad explicitly stated this because the wrists in tayammum are like the elbows in wudu; so, just as if one is amputated from the elbows in wudu, he washes what remains, likewise here he wipes the remaining bone. The Qadi said: The obligation drops because its place is the palm which is taken in theft, and it is gone; however, it is recommended to pass the dust over it. Wiping the remaining bone while the palm is present was only out of the necessity of encompassing the obligatory [area], because the obligation cannot be completed except by it. So, when the original [part] which was commanded to be wiped ceases to exist, that which was made mandatory for its necessity also ceases, just like one from whom the washing of the face is dropped; it is not mandatory for him to wash a part of the head, and one from whom fasting is dropped, it is not mandatory for him to abstain for a part of the night. If he delivers the dust to the place of the obligation using a cloth or a piece of wood, the Qadi said: It suffices him, because Allah, the Almighty, commanded wiping and did not specify its tool, so it is not restricted. Ibn Aqil said: There are two opinions on this, based on the [disagreement regarding] wiping the head with a wet cloth. If he wipes the place of the obligation with one hand, or with part of his hand, it suffices him, as his hand is closer to it than anything else. If another person performs tayammum for him, it is permissible, just as if another person performs wudu for him; the intention is considered in the one being purified [the tayammum-performer] and not in the one performing the action for him [the helper], because it is he to whom validity and prevention relate.
(6) Surah Al-Ma'idah: 38.
بِوُجُوبِ المُوَالَاةِ، اسْتَأْنَفَ التَّيَمُّمَ، لِتَحْصُلَ المُوَالَاةُ. ويُرْجَعُ في طُولِ الفَصْلِ وقِصَرِهِ إلى القَدْرِ الذي ذكرْنَاهُ في الطهارة؛ لأنَّ التَّيَمُّمَ فَرْعٌ عليها. والحُكْمُ في التَّسْمِيَةِ كالحُكْمِ في التَّسْمِيَةِ في الوُضُوءِ، على ما مَضَى مِن الخِلافِ فيه؛ لأَنَّهُ بَدَلٌ منه.
فصل: ويَجِبُ مَسْحُ اليَدَيْنِ إلى المَوْضِعِ الذي يُقْطَعُ منه السَّارِقُ، أومَأَ أحمدُ إلى هذا لَمَّا سُئِلَ عَن التَّيَمُّمِ، فأَوْمَأَ إلى كَفِّه ولم يُجَاوِزْهُ، وقال: قال اللهُ تعالى: {وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقْطَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمَا} (٦). مِنْ أيْنَ تُقْطَعُ يَدُ السَّارِقِ؟ أليس مِنْ ههُنا؟ وأشار إلى الرُّسْغِ. وقد رَوَيْنا عن ابنِ عَبَّاس نَحْوَ هذا، فعلى هذا، إنْ كان أقْطعَ مِنْ فوقِ الرُّسْغِ سَقَطَ مَسْحُ اليَدَيْنِ، وإنْ كان مِنْ دُونِه مَسَحَ ما بَقِىَ، وإنْ كان مِنَ المَفْصِلِ، فقال ابنُ عَقِيل: يَمْسَحُ مَوْضِعَ القَطْعِ. قال: ونَصَّ عليه أحمدُ؛ لأنَّ الرُّسْغَيْنِ في التَّيَمُّمِ كالمِرْفَقَيْنِ في الوُضُوءِ، فكما أَنَّه إذا قُطِعَ مِنَ المِرْفَقَيْنِ في الوُضُوءِ، غَسَلَ ما بَقِىَ، كذا ههُنا يَمْسَحُ العَظْمَ الباقِىَ. وقال القاضي: يَسْقُطُ الفَرْضُ؛ لأنَّ مَحَلَّه الكَفُّ الذِى يُؤْخَذُ في السَّرِقَةِ، وقد ذَهَبَ، لكنْ يُسْتَحَبُّ إمْرَارُ التُّرَابِ عليه. ومَسْحُ العَظْمِ الباقِى مع بَقَاءِ الكَفِّ إنَّما كان ضَرُورَةَ اسْتِيعَابِ الوَاجِبِ؛ لأنَّ الوَاجِبَ لا يَتِمُّ إِلَّا به، فإذا زَالَ الأصْلُ المَأْمُورُ به، سَقَطَ ما وَجَبَ لِضَرُورَتِه، كمنْ سَقَطَ عنه غَسْلُ الوَجْهِ، لا يَجِبُ عليه غَسْلُ جُزْءٍ مِن الرَّأْسِ، ومَنْ سَقَطَ عنه الصِّيَامُ، لا يَجِبُ عليه إمْسَاكُ جُزْءٍ مِن اللَّيْلِ. وإن أَوْصَلَ التُّرَابَ إلى مَحَلِّ الفَرْضِ بخِرقَةٍ أو خَشَبَةٍ، فقال القاضي: يُجْزِئُه؛ لأنَّ اللَّه تعالى أَمَرَ بالمَسْحِ، ولم يُعَيِّنْ آلَتَه، فلا يَتَعَيَّنُ. وقال ابنُ عَقِيلٍ: فيه وَجْهَان، بِناءً على مَسْحِ الرَّأْسِ بِخِرْقَةٍ رَطْبَةٍ. وإنْ مَسَحَ مَحَلَّ الفَرْضِ بِيَدٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، أو بِبَعْضِ يَدِهِ، أجْزَأهُ، إذْ كانَتْ يَدُهُ أَقْرَبَ إليه مِنْ غيرها. وإنْ يَمَّمَهُ غَيْرُه جَازَ، كما لو وَضَّأَهُ غيرُه، تُعْتَبَرُ النِّيَّةُ في المُتَيَمِّمِ دُونَ المُيَمِّمِ؛ لأنَّه الذي يَتَعَلَّقُ الإِجْزَاءُ والمَنْعُ به.
(٦) سورة المائدة ٣٨.