ShamelaTranslate
Search
Sign in
ShamelaTranslate

© 2026 ShamelaTranslate. Scholarly Open-Access Project.

AboutContactDonateImprintPrivacyTermsRight of WithdrawalCancel a subscription
Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 1 · Page 72

Translation · EN

Amr, may Allah be pleased with them, that they both said regarding the sea: 'Performing Tayammum (dry ablution) is more preferable to us than using it.' And Abdullah ibn Amr said: '[It is fire].' Al-Mawardi narrated this from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib.

The former is more appropriate, because of the saying of Allah the Almighty: "And if you find no water, then perform tayammum" (5:6), and sea water is water; it is not permissible to resort to Tayammum while it exists. It has been narrated from Abu Hurayrah that a man asked the Prophet -may Allah bless him and grant him peace- and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, we ride the sea and carry with us little water, so if we perform Wudu with it, we will become thirsty; shall we perform Wudu with sea water?' The Messenger of Allah -may Allah bless him and grant him peace- said: "Its water is a purifier, and its dead creatures are lawful." Related by Abu Dawud, al-Nasa'i, and al-Tirmidhi, who said: 'This is a Hasan Sahih (good and authentic) Hadith.' It has also been narrated from Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: 'Whoever is not purified by sea water, may Allah not purify him.' And that is because it is water remaining upon its original state of creation, so Wudu with it is permissible, just like fresh water.

As for their statement: "It is fire," if it is intended that it is fire in its current state, then this is contrary to sensory perception. And if it is intended that it will become fire, that does not prevent Wudu with it while it is currently in the state of being water.

Among them [the rulings] is that purification from impurity (Najasah) is not achieved except by that which achieves purification from the state of ritual impurity (Hadath), because it is included in the general meaning of purification. This is the opinion of Malik, al-Shafi'i, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, and Zufar.

Notes

(9) In M: "It is rare (nadir)," which is an error, and its explanation will follow. (10) Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Habib al-Mawardi al-Shafi'i, a scholar of high standing. He is the author of "Al-Hawi," "Adab al-Dunya wa al-Din," and "Al-Ahkam al-Sultaniyyah." He died in the year 450 AH. Tabaqat al-Shafi'iyyah al-Kubra 5/267-285. (11) Abu Muhammad Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib ibn Hazn al-Makhzumi al-Madani, the jurist and one of the prominent scholars. He died in the year 94 AH. Tabaqat al-Fuqaha by al-Shirazi 57, 58; Al-'Ibar 1/110. (12) Surah al-Ma'idah: 6. (13) In M: "Related by," and it has been mentioned previously. (14) Omitted from: M. (15) Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Farqad al-Shaybani, a companion of Imam Abu Hanifah and the propagator of his knowledge. He was the author of superior works and died in the year 187 AH. Al-Jawahir al-Mudiyyah 3/122-127. (16) Abu al-Hudhayl Zufar ibn al-Hudhayl ibn Qays al-'Anbari al-Basri, a companion of Imam Abu Hanifah. He was a memorizer (Hafiz) and trustworthy. He died in the year 158 AH. Al-Jawahir al-Mudiyyah 2/207-209.

Arabic (Source)

عمرو، رضى اللَّه عنهما، أنهما قالا في البحر: التَّيَمُّمُ أعْجَبُ إلينا منه. وقال عبد اللَّه بن عمرو: [هو نارٌ] (٩). وحَكاهُ الْمَاوَرْدِىُّ (١٠) عن سَعِيد بن المُسَيِّب (١١).

والأوَّلُ أوْلَى، لِقَوْلِ اللهِ تعالى: {فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا} (١٢)، وماء البحرِ ماءٌ، لا يجوزُ العُدُولُ إلى التَّيَمِّمِ مع وُجودِه، ورُوِىَ عن أبِى هريرة، قال: سألَ رجلٌ النبيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فقال: يا رَسولَ اللهِ، إنَّا نَركَبُ البحرَ، ونحمِلُ معنا القليلَ مِن الماء، فإن تَوَضَّأْنا به عَطِشْنَا، أفَنَتَوَضَّأُ بماءِ البحر؟ فقال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُهُ" رواه (١٣) أبو داود، والنَّسائىُّ والتِّرْمِذِىُّ، وقال: هذا حديثٌ حسَنٌ صحيح. ورُوِىَ عن عمر، رضىَ اللَّه عنه، أنه قال: "مَنْ لم يُطَهِّرْه ماءُ البحرِ فلا طَهَّرَهُ اللهُ"، ولأنَّه ماءٌ باقٍ عَلَى أصلِ خِلْقَتِهِ، فجاز الوضوءُ به كالعَذْبِ.

وقولهم: "هو نَارٌ" إن أُرِيد به أنه نارٌ في الحال فهو خِلافُ الحِسَّ، وإن أُرِيد أنه يَصِيرُ نارًا، لم يمنَعْ ذلك الوضوءَ به في (١٤) حال كَوْنِه ماءً.

ومنها، أنَّ الطهارةَ مِن النجاسةِ لا تحصُل إلَّا بما يحصُلُ به طَهارةُ الحَدَثِ؛ لِدُخولِه في عُمومِ الطهارةِ، وبهذا قال مالك، والشافعيُّ، ومحمد بن الحسن (١٥)، وزُفَرُ (١٦).

Notes

(٩) في م: "وهو نادر". خطأ، وسيأتي.(١٠) أبو الحسن على بن محمد بن حبيب الماوردى الشافعي، إمام جليل الشأن، وهو صاحب "الحاوي" و"أدب الدنيا والدين" و"الأحكام السلطانية"، توفى سنة خمسين وأربعمائة. طبقات الشافعية الكبرى ٥/ ٢٦٧ - ٢٨٥.(١١) أبو محمد سعيد بن المسيب بن حزن المخزومى المدنى الفقيه، أحد الأعلام، توفى سنة أربع وتسعين. طبقات الفقهاء، للشيرازي ٥٧، ٥٨، العبر ١/ ١١٠.(١٢) سورة المائدة ٦.(١٣) في م: "أخرجه". وسبق.(١٤) سقط من: م.(١٥) أبو عبد اللَّه محمد بن الحسن بن فرقد الشيبانى، صاحب الإمام أبى حنيفة، وناشر علمه، صاحب المؤلفات الفائقة، توفى سنة سبع وثمانين ومائة. الجواهر المضية ٣/ ١٢٢ - ١٢٧.(١٦) أبو الهذيل زفر بن الهذيل بن قيس العنبرى البصري، صاحب الإمام أبى حنيفة، وكان حافظا، ثقة، توفى سنة ثمان وخمسين ومائة. الجواهر المضية ٢/ ٢٠٧ - ٢٠٩.

PreviousVolume 1 · Page 72Next
Previous1·72Next