Section: The crafting of images is forbidden for the one who does it, because of what Ibn 'Umar narrated from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), that he said: "Those who craft these images (30) will be tormented on the Day of Resurrection. It will be said to them: 'Give life to what you have created.'" It is also narrated from Masruq, who said: We entered a house with 'Abdullah that had statues in it. He said to one of the statues: "Whose statue is this?" They said: "The statue of Maryam." 'Abdullah said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "Indeed, the most severely punished people on the Day of Resurrection are the image-makers." Both are agreed upon (31), and the command to perform it is forbidden, just as the act itself is.
Section: As for entering a house that contains an image, it is not forbidden. Rather, it is permissible to forgo an invitation because of it as a punishment for the inviter, by dropping his right to honor, for he has established a reprehensible matter (munkar) in his home. It is not obligatory for the one who sees it in the inviter's home to leave, according to the apparent speech of Ahmad; for he said, in the narration of al-Fadl [ibn Ziyad] (32), when asked about seeing images on a curtain that he had not seen when he entered? He said: "It is easier than if it were on the wall." He was asked (33): If he did not see it until the tray of food was placed before them, should he leave? He said: "Do not make it difficult for us, but if he sees this, let him rebuke them and forbid them from it." He means: he should not leave. This is the school of Malik; for he used to dislike it as a matter of decorum (tanzuh), and he did not view it as forbidden. Most of the followers of al-Shafi'i said: If the images are on curtains, or something that is not stepped upon, it is not permissible for him to enter; because the angels do not enter it, and because if it were not forbidden, it would not be permissible to abandon the obligatory invitation because of it. We hold as evidence what has been narrated that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace)
(30) In B and M: "the image". (31) The first was recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter: The punishment of the image-makers on the Day of Resurrection, from the Book of Clothing, and in: The Chapter: The saying of Allah the Exalted: {And Allah created you and what you do...} from the Book of Oneness (al-Tawhid). Sahih al-Bukhari 7/215, 9/197. And Muslim, in: The Chapter: The prohibition of depicting the image of an animal, from the Book of Clothing. Sahih Muslim 3/1670. It was also recorded by Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 2/26. The second was recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter: The punishment of the image-makers on the Day of Resurrection, from the Book of Clothing. Sahih al-Bukhari 7/215. And Muslim, in: The Chapter: The prohibition of depicting the image of an animal, from the Book of Clothing. Sahih Muslim 2/1670. It was also recorded by al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter: Mention of the most severely punished people, from the Book of Adornment. Al-Mujtaba 8/191. (32) Omitted from: A, B, M. (33) Omitted from: B, M.
فصل: وصَنْعَةُ التَّصاويرِ مُحَرَّمةٌ على فاعلِها؛ لما رَوى ابنُ عمرَ عن النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، أنَّه قال: "الَّذِينَ يَصْنَعُوْنَ هَذِهِ الصُّوَرَ (٣٠) يُعَذَّبُونَ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ، يُقَالُ لَهُمْ: أَحْيُوْا مَا خَلَقْتُمْ". وعن مَسْرُوقٍ قال: دخلْنا معَ عبدِ اللَّهِ بيتًا فيه تماثيلُ، فقال لتمثالٍ منها: تمثالُ مَنْ هذا؟ قالوا: تمثالُ مريمَ، قال عبدُ اللَّهِ: قال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَذَابًا يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ الْمُصَوِّرُونَ". مُتَّفَقٌ عليهما (٣١)، والأمرُ بعَملِه مُحَرَّمٌ. كعَمَلِه.
فصل: فأمَّا دخولُ مَنْزلٍ فيه صورةٌ، فليسَ بمُحَرَّمٍ، وإنَّما أبيحَ تَرْكُ الدَّعوةِ مِن أجلِه عُقوبةً للدَّاعى، بإسْقاطِ حُرْمَتِه؛ لإِيجادِه المنكرَ فى دارِه. ولا يجبُ على مَن رآه فى منزلِ الدَّاعِى الخروجُ، فى ظاهرِ كلامِ أحمدَ؛ فإنَّه قال، فى روايةِ الفضْلِ [بن زياد] (٣٢)، إذا رأَى صُوَرًا على السِّترِ، لم يكُنْ رآها حين دخلَ؟ قال: هو أسْهَلُ مِن أن يكُونَ على الجدارِ. قيلَ له (٣٣): فإنْ لم يَرَه إلَّا عندَ وَضْعِ الخِوَانِ بينَ أيديهِمْ، أيخرجُ؟ فقال: لا تُضَيِّقْ علينا، ولكنْ إذا رأَى هذا وبَّخهُمْ ونَهاهُمْ. يعنى لا يخرجُ. وهذا مذهبُ مالكٍ؛ فإنَّه كان يكْرَهُها تنزُّهًا، ولا يَراها مُحَرَّمةً. وقال أكثرُ أصْحابِ الشَّافعىِّ: إذا كانت الصُّوَرُ على السُّتُورِ، أو ما ليسَ بمَوْطوءٍ، لم يجُزْ له الدُّخولُ؛ لأنَّ الملائكةَ لا تدْخُلُه، ولأنَّه لو لم يكُنْ مُحَرَّمًا، لَمَا جازَ تَرْكُ الدَّعوةِ الواجبةِ مِن أجْلِه. ولَنا، ما رُوِىَ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-
(٣٠) فى ب، م: "الصورة".(٣١) الأول أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب عذاب المصورين يوم القيامة، من كتاب اللباس، وفى: باب قول اللَّه تعالى: {وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ وَمَا تَعْمَلُونَ. . .} من كتاب التوحيد. صحيح البخارى ٧/ ٢١٥، ٩/ ١٩٧. ومسلم، فى: باب تحريم تصوير صورة الحيوان، من كتاب اللباس. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٦٧٠.كما أخرجه الإمام أحمد فى: المسند ٢/ ٢٦.والثانى أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب عذاب المصورين يوم القيامة، من كتاب اللباس. صحيح البخارى ٧/ ٢١٥. ومسلم، فى: باب تحريم تصوير صورة الحيوان، من كتاب اللباس. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ١٦٧٠.كما أخرجه النسائى، فى: باب دكر أشد الناس عذابا، من كتاب الزينة. المجتبى ٨/ ١٩١.(٣٢) سقط من: أ، ب، م.(٣٣) سقط من: ب، م.
