If it involved a forbidden thing, such as wine or swine, and he took possession of it, then they both embrace Islam, or they refer their case to us, or one of them embraces Islam, [it is enforced] upon them, he is not compensated for it, he does not return it, and nothing remains for him against her, just as if he had given her wine as a dower then they both embraced Islam, or they sold wine to each other and took possession of it, then embraced Islam. But if their embracing Islam or referring the case occurs before possession is taken, the judge does not enforce it, nor does he order that possession be taken of it; because wine and swine cannot be valid compensation for a Muslim or from a Muslim, so the judge does not order that possession be taken of it. The Qadi said in "Al-Jami'": "He is entitled to nothing," because he was content to receive from her what is not property, like two Muslims if they perform Khul' with wine. He said in "Al-Mujarrad": "The dower of similar worth becomes due." This is the school of Al-Shafi'i, because the compensation is invalid, so it reverts to the value of what was destroyed, which is the dower of similar worth. The words of Al-Khiraqi indicate by their implication that he is entitled to something, because his specification of the state of possession with the negation of recourse indicates that there is recourse in the absence of possession. The difference between him and the Muslim is that the Muslim does not believe wine and swine to be property, so if he is content with it as compensation, he has been content with Khul' without property, so he is entitled to nothing; whereas the polytheist believes it to be property, so he was not content with Khul' without compensation, and thus the compensation is due to him, as if he had performed Khul' with her for a free person he believed to be a slave, or wine he believed to be vinegar. Once it is established that he is entitled to compensation, the Qadi mentioned that it is the dower of similar worth, as if he had married her for wine and then they both embraced Islam. According to what we have reasoned, it necessitates the value of what he named for her, provided it is considered property, for he was content with the financial value of that thing, so he is entitled to its equivalent in money, as if he had performed Khul' with her for wine he believed to be vinegar. If possession of some of it was obtained but not the rest, what was possessed falls away, and regarding what was not possessed, there are three views. The basis for this is the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "And leave what remains of the interest, if you are believers."
(5) In B and M: "wa rafa'a". (6) In B and M: "amda" (he enforced). (7) In the original, B, and M: "aw taqabada" (or they took possession). (8) Omitted from the original. (9) In the original: "al-khul'" (the Khul'). (10) Omitted from B and M. (11) In the manuscripts: "khamran" (wine). (12) In B and M: "al-'iwad" (the compensation). (13) Surah Al-Baqarah: 278.
كان بمُحَرَّمٍ كخمرٍ وخِنْزِيرٍ فقَبَضَه، ثم أسْلَما، أو تَرافعا (٥) إلينا، أو أسْلمَ أحدُهما [مَضَى ذلك] (٦) عليهما، ولم يُعَوَّضْ له، ولم يَرُدَّه، ولا يَبْقَى له عليها شىءٌ، كما لو أصدقَها خمرًا ثم أسْلَما، أو تبايَعا خمرًا وتقابَضا (٧) ثم أسْلما. وإن كان إسْلامُهما أو ترافعُهما قبلَ القَبْضِ، لم يُمْضِه الحاكمُ، ولم يأمُرْ بإقْباضِه؛ لأنَّ الخمرَ والخنزيرَ لا يَجوزُ أن يكون عِوَضًا لمُسْلمٍ أو من مسلمٍ، فلا يَأمرُ الحاكمُ بإقْباضِه. قال القاضى، فى "الجامعِ": ولا شىءَ له؛ لأنَّه رَضِىَ منها بما ليس بمالٍ، كالمسلمَيْنِ إذا تخالَعا بخمرٍ. وقال، فى "المُجَرَّدِ": يَجبُ مهرُ المِثْلِ. وهو مذهبُ الشَّافعىِّ؛ لأنَّ العِوَضَ فاسدٌ، فيَرجِعُ إلى قيمةِ المُتْلَفِ، وهو مهرُ المثلِ. وكلامُ الخِرَقِىِّ يَدُلُّ بمفهومِه على أنَّه يَجبُ له (٨) شىءٌ؛ لأنَّ تخْصيصَه حالةَ القَبْضِ بِنَفْى الرُّجوعِ، يَدُلُّ على الرُّجوعِ مع عَدَمِ القَبْضِ، والفرقُ بينه وبينَ المُسْلمِ، أَنَّ المسلمَ لَا يَعْتقِدُ الخمرَ والخنزيرَ مالًا، فإذا رَضِىَ به عِوَضًا، فقد رَضِىَ بالخُلعِ بغيرِ مالٍ، فلم يكُنْ له شىءٌ، والمُشْرِكُ يَعْتقدُه مالًا، فلم يَرْضَ بالخُلْعِ (٩) بغيرِ عِوَضٍ، فيكونُ العوضُ واجبًا له (١٠)، كما لو خالعَها على حُرٍّ يَظُنُّه عبدًا، أو خَمْرٍ (١١) يَظُنُّه خَلًا. إذا ثَبَتَ أنَّه يَجبُ له عِوَضٌ (١٢)، فذكَرَ القاضى أنَّه مهرُ المِثْلِ، كما لو تَزوَّجَها على خمرٍ ثم أسْلما. وعلى ما عَلَّلْنا به يَقْتضِى وُجوبَ قيمةِ ما سَمَّى لها، على تَقديرِ كَوْنِه مالًا، فإنَّه رَضِىَ بِمَالِيَّةِ ذلك، فيكوِنُ له قَدْرُه من المالِ، كما لو خالَعَها على خمرٍ يَظُنُّه خَلًّا. وإن حصَلَ القَبْضُ فى بعضِه دون بعضٍ، سقطَ ما قَبَضَ، وفيما لم يَقْبِضْ الوجوهُ الثلاثةُ. والأصلُ فيه قولُ اللَّه تعالى: {وَذَرُوا مَا بَقِىَ مِنَ الرِّبَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} (١٣).
(٥) فى ب، م: "ورافعا".(٦) فى ب، م: "أمضى".(٧) فى الأصل، ب، م: "أو تقابضا".(٨) سقط من: الأصل.(٩) فى الأصل: "الخلع".(١٠) سقط من: ب، م.(١١) فى النسخ: "خمرا".(١٢) فى ب، م: "العوض".(١٣) سورة البقرة ٢٧٨.