Section: There are three conditions for coercion. First: That it comes from someone capable of it, by virtue of authority or domination, such as a thief or the like. It is narrated from al-Sha'bi that if a thief coerces him, his divorce does not take effect, whereas if the sultan coerces him, it does. Ibn 'Uyayna said: "Because the thief might kill him." However, the generality of what we have mentioned regarding the evidence for coercion encompasses all cases. Those who coerced Ammar were not thieves, yet the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to Ammar: "If they return, then you return [to your previous state]." Furthermore, it is coercion, so it prevents the occurrence of divorce, just like the coercion of a thief. Second: That it strongly prevails in his mind that the threat will befall him if he does not comply with what is requested of him. Third: That it be of a nature that causes him significant harm, such as killing, severe beating, shackles, or prolonged imprisonment. As for insulting or reviling, that is not coercion according to a single narration, and the same applies to the taking of minor wealth. As for minor beating, if it occurs to one who does not care about it, it is not coercion. If it occurs to someone of high standing, in a way that is disparaging to him, demeaning, and causes him notoriety, it is like severe beating in the case of others. If he is threatened with the torture of his child, it has been said: It is not coercion, because the harm befalls someone else. However, the more appropriate view is that it is coercion, because that is, in his estimation, greater than the taking of his wealth, and a threat of such is coercion; therefore, this is the same.

Section: If he is coerced into divorcing a wife, and he divorces another instead, it takes effect because he was not coerced into that. If he is coerced into one divorce but pronounces three, it also takes effect because he was not coerced into the three. If he divorces the one he was coerced into divorcing as well as another, the divorce of the other takes effect, but not hers. If his intention was solely to effectuate the divorce