one of them, then he mentions the one he divorced and says: "This one." She returns to him, and the divorce falls upon the one he mentioned. If she has already married, then this is something that has passed. If the judge had caused them to draw lots, I would not like for her to return to him, because the judge's authority in that matter is greater than his. Abu Bakr and Ibn Hamid said: Whenever he draws lots, and then says afterwards: "The divorcee is someone other than her," the divorce falls upon both of them, and neither of them returns to him, except that the one he specified as divorced becomes unlawful to him, inherits from him if he dies, but he does not inherit from her. It follows from the logic of their opinion that he is obligated to provide her maintenance, and that sexual intercourse with her is not permissible for him.
Section: If he says: "This is the divorcee," his statement is accepted. If he says: "This is the divorcee, rather this one," both are divorced, because he confessed to the divorce of the first, so his confession was accepted, then his confession regarding the divorce of the second was accepted, and his retraction of what he had confessed regarding the divorce of the first was not accepted. Similarly, if they were three and he said: "This one, rather this one, [rather this one]," they are all divorced. If he said: "This one, or this one, rather this one," the third is divorced, as well as one of the first two. If he said: "I divorced this one, rather this one or this one," the first is divorced, and one of the latter two. If he said: "You are divorced, and this one or this one," the Qadi said: "It is as he said," and he mentioned that it is the opinion of al-Kisa'i. Muhammad ibn al-Hasan said: The second is divorced, and doubt remains regarding the first and the third. The basis for the first opinion is that he conjoined the second to the first without uncertainty, then separated between the second and the third with a particle of doubt, so the doubt applies to those two. If he said: "I divorced this one or this one and this one," the third is divorced, and there is doubt regarding the first two. It is possible in these two issues that the doubt applies to all of them, because in the first [case], he brought the particle of doubt after them, so it returns to them both, and in the second issue, he conjoined the third to the doubt. Based on this, if he said: "I divorced this one and this one or this one," he is requested to clarify.
(18) In M: "No." (19) Omitted from: The original, M. (20) In B, M: "The second." (21) Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Hamza al-Kisa'i the grammarian, one of the seven readers, died in the year 189 AH. Tarikh al-Ulama' al-Nahwiyyin 190-193.
واحدةٍ، ثم ذكَرَ التى طَلَّقَ، فقال: هذه. تَرْجِعُ إليه، والتى ذكَرَ أنَّه طَلَّقَ يَقَعُ الطَّلاقُ عليها، فإن تَزَوَّجَتْ، فهذا شىءٌ قد مَرَّ، فإن كان الحاكمُ أقْرَعَ بينَهُنَّ، فلا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إليه؛ لأنَّ الحاكِمَ فى ذلك أكْبَرُ منه. وقال أبو بكرٍ، وابنُ حامدٍ: متى أقْرَعَ، ثم قال بعدَ ذلك: إنَّ المُطَلَّقَةَ غيرُها. وقَعَ الطَّلاقُ بهما جميعًا، ولا تَرْجِعُ إليه واحدةٌ منهما؛ إلَّا (١٨) أَنَّ التى عَينَّهَا بالطَّلاقِ تَحْرُمُ بقولِه، وتَرِثُه إنْ ماتَ، ولَا يَرِثُها. ويَجىءُ على قِياس قولِهما، أن تَلْزَمَه نَفَقَتُها، ولا يَحِلَّ وَطْؤُها.
فصل: فإن قال: هذه المُطَلَّقَةُ. قُبِلَ منه. وإن قال: هذه المُطلَّقةُ، بل هذه. طَلُقَتا؛ لأنَّه أقرَّ بطلاقِ الأُولَى، فقُبِلَ إقْرارُه، ثم قُبِل إقرارُه بطلاقِ الثّانيةِ، ولم يُقْبَلْ رُجُوعُه عمَّا أقرَّ به مِن طلاقِ الأُولَى. وكذلك لو كُنَّ ثلاثًا، فقال: هذه، بل هذه، [بل هذه] (١٩). طَلُقْنَ كلُّهُنَّ، وإِنْ قال: هذه، أو هذه، بل هذه. طَلُقَتِ الثالثةُ (٢٠) وإحدى الأُولَيَيْنِ. وإن قال: طَلَّقْتُ هذه، بل هذه أو هذه. طَلُقَتِ الأُولَى، وإحْدى الآخِرَتَيْنِ. وإن قال: أنتِ طالقٌ، وهذه أو هذه. فقال القاضى: هى كذلك. وذَكَرَ أنَّه قولُ الْكِسائِىِّ (٢١). وقال محمدُ بنُ الحسنِ: تَطْلُقُ الثَّانيةُ، ويَبْقَى الشَّكُّ فى الأُولَى والثَّالثةِ. وَجْهُ الأوَّلَ أنَّه عطَفَ الثَّانيةَ على الأُولَى، بغيرِ شكٍّ، ثم فَصَلَ بينَ الثَّانيةِ والثَّالثةِ بِحَرْفِ الشَّكِّ، فيَكُونُ الشَّكُّ فيهما. ولو قال: طَلَّقْتُ هذه أو هذه وهذه. طَلُقَتِ الثَّالثةُ، وكان الشَّكُّ فى الأُولَيَيْنِ. ويَحْتَمِلُ فى هاتَيْنِ المسألتَيْنِ أن يَكُونَ الشَّكُّ فى الجميعِ؛ لأنَّه فى الأُولَى أتَى بحَرْفِ الشَّكِّ بعدَهما، فيَعُودُ إليهما، وفى المسألةِ الثَّانيةِ عَطَفَ الثَّالثةَ على الشّكِّ. فعلى هذا إذا قال: طَلَّقْتُ هذه وهذه أو هذه. طُولِبَ
(١٨) فى م: "لا".(١٩) سقط من: الأصل، م.(٢٠) فى ب، م: "الثانية".(٢١) أبو على الحسن بن على بن حمزة الكسائى النحوى، أحد القراء السبعة، توفى سنة تسع وثمانين ومائة. تاريخ العلماء النحويين ١٩٠ - ١٩٣.