or he deflowers her, or has intercourse with her while she is ill and suffers harm from his intercourse, he renders her lawful, because the prohibition here is for her own right. If she inserts his penis [into herself] while he is asleep or unconscious, she does not become lawful, because he [does not taste] her sweetness. It is possible that she does become lawful, due to the generality of the verse. And Allah knows best.
1290 - Issue: He said: "If a free man divorces his wife fewer than three times, he has the right of return (raj'ah) over her as long as she is in her waiting period (iddah)."
The scholars have reached a consensus that if a free man divorces a free woman after having consummated the marriage with her, fewer than three times, without compensation or any condition necessitating her absolute separation (baynunah), he has the right of return over her as long as she is in her waiting period, and that he has no right of return over her after the expiration of her waiting period, for the reason we mentioned at the beginning of the chapter. If a free man divorces his slave-wife, it is like the divorce of a free woman, except that there is a disagreement regarding it which we have already mentioned, and we mentioned that divorce is calculated by the number of men, so he has the right to return to her as long as he has not divorced her three times, just like the free woman.
Section: The consent of the woman is not considered in the return (raj'ah), because of the saying of Allah the Exalted: "And their husbands have more right to take them back in that [period] if they want reconciliation." He assigned the right to them. He also said, Glory be to Him: "Then retain them with kindness," addressing the husbands with the command, and He did not grant them (the women) a choice. Furthermore, the return is the retention of the woman under the ruling of marriage; therefore, her consent is not considered in that, just like the woman who is still within the bond of his marriage. The scholars have reached a consensus on this.
(23) In A and M: "he does not taste". (1) In M: "if". (2) Omitted from the original. (3) In A: "expiration". (4) In the original: "his wife". (5) Preceded in pages 533, 534. (6) Surah al-Baqarah 228. (7) Surah al-Baqarah 231.
فأفْضَاها، أو وَطِئَهَا وهى مَرِيضَةٌ تَتَضَرَّرُ بِوَطْئِهِ، أحَلَّهَا؛ لأنَّ التَّحْريمَ ههُنا لِحَقِّها. وإِنْ اسْتَدْخَلَتْ ذَكَرَهُ وهو نَائِمٌ، أو مُغْمًى عليه، لم تَحِلَّ؛ لِأَنَّهُ [لم يَذُقْ] (٢٣) عُسَيْلَتَها. ويَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ تَحِلَّ؛ لِعُمُومِ الآيَةِ. واللَّهُ أعلمُ.
١٢٩٠ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِذَا طَلَّقَ الحُرُّ زَوْجَتَه أَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ، فَلَهُ عَلَيْهَا الرَّجْعَةُ مَا كَانَتْ فِى العِدَّةِ)
أجْمَعَ أهْلُ العِلْمِ على أَنَّ الحُرَّ إذا (١) طَلَّقَ الحُرَّةَ بعدَ دُخُولِهِ بِها أقَلَّ مِن ثَلاثٍ، بغيرِ عِوَضٍ، ولا أَمْرٍ يَقْتَضِى بَيْنُونَتَها، فله عليها الرَّجْعَةُ ما كانَتْ فى عِدَّتِهَا، وعلى أَنَّهُ لا رَجْعَةَ له (٢) عليها بَعْدَ قَضاءِ (٣) عِدَّتِهَا؛ لمَا ذَكَرْنَا فِى أوَّلِ البابِ. وإِنْ طَلَّقَ الحُرُّ أمْرَأَتَه (٤) الأمَةَ، فهو كطَلاقِ الحُرَّةِ، إلَّا أنَّ فيه خِلافًا ذَكَرْناهُ فِيمَا مَضَى، وَذَكَرْنَا أنَّ الطَّلاقَ مُعْتَبَرٌ بِالرِّجالِ، فيَكونُ له رَجْعَتُهَا ما لم يُطَلِّقْهَا ثَلَاثًا كالْحُرَّةِ (٥).
فصل: ولا يُعْتَبَرُ فى الرَّجْعَةِ رِضَى الْمَرْأَةِ؛ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تعالى: {وَبُعُولَتُهُنَّ أَحَقُّ بِرَدِّهِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ إِنْ أَرَادُوا إِصْلَاحًا} (٦). فجَعَلَ الحَقَّ لهم. وقال سبحانَه: {فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ} (٧). فخَاطَبَ الأَزْواجَ بِالْأَمْرِ، ولم يَجْعَلْ لَهُنَّ اخْتِيَارًا. ولأنَّ الرَّجْعَةَ إمْسَاكٌ لِلْمَرْأَةِ بِحُكمِ الزَّوْجِيَّةِ، فلم يُعْتَبَرْ رِضاها فى ذلك، كالتى فى صُلْبِ نِكَاحِهِ. وأجْمَعَ أهْلُ الْعِلْمِ على هذا.
(٢٣) فى أ، م: "لا يذوق".(١) فى م: "إن".(٢) سقط من: الأصل.(٣) فى أ: "انقضاء".(٤) فى الأصل: "زوجته".(٥) تقدم فى صفحة ٥٣٣، ٥٣٤.(٦) سورة البقرة ٢٢٨.(٧) سورة البقرة ٢٣١.
