is something that only the elite among people would know, so the apparent [reality] is the truthfulness of her claim regarding it. Al-Shafi'i has two views on accepting her statement in that regard.
Section: If the male slave and the female slave are emancipated simultaneously, she has no option, and the marriage remains as it is, regardless of whether one person emancipated both of them or two people did so. Ahmad explicitly stated this. Another narration from him says she has the option. The first is more appropriate, because freedom that occurs after her emancipation prevents the annulment [of the marriage], so [freedom] that is simultaneous is even more entitled [to prevent it], like the [simultaneous] conversion of both spouses to Islam. There is another narration from Ahmad that says: If they are both emancipated together, the marriage is annulled. Its meaning—and Allah knows best—is that if he gifted a concubine to his slave and gave him permission to have intimate relations with her, then he emancipated both of them, they both become free, and she leaves the ownership of the slave, so he has no right to have intimate relations with her except through a new marriage contract. This is how a group of his companions narrated, concerning one who gifted a concubine to his slave, or purchased a concubine for him, and then emancipated both of them; he does not approach her except through a new marriage contract. Ahmad argued in support of this based on what Nafi' narrated from Ibn Umar, that a slave of his had two concubines, and he emancipated both of them and emancipated him [the slave], and he forbade him from approaching them except through a new marriage contract. This is because by her being emancipated, she has moved beyond being owned, so it was not permitted for him to have intimate relations with her, just like a woman who is free by origin. As for if she was his wife, and they are both emancipated, his marriage is not annulled by that; for if it is not annulled by her emancipation alone, it is more fitting that it is not annulled by the emancipation of both of them. It is possible that Ahmad only intended by his statement "their marriage is annulled" that she has the right to annul the marriage. This is an extrapolation based on the narration that says she has
(11) In the original and B: "and the apparent". (12) In M: "he emancipated her". (13) In M: "if". (14) In M: "the slave". (15) In the original, A, and M: "he emancipated her". (16) Omitted from: The original and M. (17) Related by Abd al-Razzaq, in: The Chapter on the Slave's Concubinage, from the Book of Divorce. Al-Musannaf 7/215. (18) Omitted from: The original. (19) In the original and M: "her marriage". It previously appeared in Ahmad's statement: "the marriage". (20) In the original: "that she annuls".
لا يَعْلَمُه إلَّا خَوَاصُّ الناسِ، فالظَّاهِرُ (١١) صِدْقُها فيه. وللشافعىِّ فى قَبُولِ قَوْلِها فى ذلك قَوْلان.
فصل: فإن عَتَقَ العَبْدُ والأَمَةُ دَفْعةً واحدةً، فلا خِيارَ لها، والنكاحُ بحالِه، سواءٌ أعْتَقَهُما (١٢) رَجُلٌ واحدٌ أو رَجُلانِ. نَصَّ عليه أحمدُ. وعنه: لها الخِيارُ. والأَوَّلُ أَوْلَى؛ لأنَّ الحُرِّيَّةَ الطارِئةَ بعدَ عِتْقِها تَمْنَعُ الفَسْخَ، فالمُقارِنةُ أَوْلَى، كإسْلامِ الزَّوْجَيْنِ. وعن أحمدَ: إن (١٣) عَتَقَا معا انْفَسخَ النِّكاحُ. ومَعْناه -واللَّه أعلم- أنَّه إذا وَهَبَ لعَبْدِه (١٤) سُرِّيَّةً، وأَذِنَ له فى التَّسَرِّى بها، ثم أعْتَقَهُما جميعا، صارا حُرَّيْنِ، وخَرَجَتْ عن مِلْكِ العَبْدِ، فلم يَكُنْ له إصابَتُها إلَّا بنِكاحٍ جَديدٍ. هكذا رَوَى جماعةٌ من أصحابِه، فى مَن وَهَبَ لعَبْدِه سُرِّيَّةً، أو اشْتَرَى له سُرِّيَّةً، ثم أعْتَقَهُما (١٥)، لا يَقْرَبُها إلَّا بنكاحٍ جديدٍ. واحتجَّ أحمدُ على ذلك، بما رَوَى نافعٌ، عن ابن عمرَ، أَنَّ عبدًا له كان له سُرِّيَّتانِ، فأعْتَقَهُما وأعْتَقَه (١٦)، فنَهاه أن يَقْرَبَهُما إلَّا بنكاحٍ جديدٍ (١٧). ولأنَّها بإعْتاقِها خَرَجَتْ عن أن تكونَ مملوكةً، فلم يُبَحْ له (١٨) التَّسَرِّى بها، كالحُرَّةِ الأصْلِيَّةِ. وأمَّا إذا كانت امرأتَه، فعَتَقَا، لم يَنْفَسِخْ نِكاحُه بذلك؛ لأنَّه إذا لم يَنْفَسِخْ بإعْتاقِها وحْدها. فلأَنْ لا يَنْفَسِخَ بإعْتاقِهِما معا أَوْلَى. ويَحْتَمِلُ أَنَّ أحمدَ إنَّما أراد بقولِه: انْفَسَخَ نِكاحُهما (١٩). أَنَّ لها فَسْخَ (٢٠) النِّكاحِ. وهذا تخريجٌ على الرِّواية التى تقولُ بأنَّ لها
(١١) فى الأصل، ب: "والظاهر".(١٢) فى م: "أعتقها".(١٣) فى م: "إذا".(١٤) فى م: "العبد".(١٥) فى الأصل، أ، م: "أعتقها".(١٦) سقط من: الأصل، م.(١٧) أخرجه عبد الرزاق، فى: باب استسرار العبد، من كتاب الطلاق. المصنف ٧/ ٢١٥.(١٨) سقط من: الأصل.(١٩) فى: الأصل، م: "نكاحها". وتقدم فى قول أحمد: "النكاح".(٢٠) فى الأصل: "أن تفسخ".