[except by evidence], and because she possesses the virtue of motherhood. The second view is that the daughter is prioritized, because he started by accusing her. Whenever the hadd is carried out for one of them, and then a hadd becomes mandatory for the other, it is not to be carried out until his skin has healed from the hadd of the first. If it is said: "The hadd here is a right of a human being, so why is it not carried out consecutively like qisas (retaliatory punishment), for if he were to sever the hands of two men, we would sever his hands for them and not delay it?" We reply: This is because the hadd of qadhf (false accusation) does not repeat due to the repetition of its cause before the hadd is established, so making it consecutive in a single hadd would remove it from its intended purpose. However, qisas permits that all limbs be severed in a single qisas; so if it is permissible for one person, it is even more so for two.
Section: If he accuses a chaste person multiple times, it is a single hadd, according to a single narration, whether he accuses him of another act of zina or repeats the accusation with the first one; because they are two hadds whose cause has overlapped, so they merge, just like zina committed multiple times. If he accuses him and the hadd is carried out for him, then he accuses him again of that same zina, there is no hadd upon him; because his falsehood in that matter has been verified by the hadd, so there is no need to expose his falsehood in it a second time. When Umar whipped Abu Bakrah after he testified against al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah and he repeated his accusation, Umar intended to repeat the hadd upon him, but Ali said to him: "If you whip him, then stone his companion." So he refrained from it. However, he is to be disciplined (ta'zir) with the discipline of reviling and insulting. The Qadi mentioned that there is another narration that a second hadd is due upon him; because it is a second accusation after the hadd has been established, resembling the case if he accused him of a second act of zina. As for if he accuses him of a different act of zina, another hadd is due upon him; because it is an accusation against a chaste person for which he has not been whipped, so it must be followed by a hadd like the first, and because the cause for the hadd was found after its implementation, so it is repeated.
(26) In the original: "by separation" (al-baynuna). (27) In the original: "and for her mother". (28) In the original, (B), and (M): "prioritizing". (29) In the original: "skin". (30) Narrated by al-Bayhaqi, in: The Chapter of Witnesses of Zina when they do not complete four, from the Book of Hadd-Punishments. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 8/234, 235. And Ibn Abi Shaybah, in: The Chapter on the Man who Accuses a Man..., from the Book of Hadd-Punishments. Al-Musannaf 9/535. (31) Omitted from: (B).
يَسْقُطُ [إلَّا بالبَيِّنةِ] (٢٦)، ولأنَّ (٢٧) لها فَضِيلةَ الأُمُومةِ. والثانى، تُقَدَّمُ (٢٨) البِنْتُ؛ لأنَّه بَدَأَ بقَذْفِها. ومتى حُدَّ لإِحْداهما، ثم وَجَبَ عليه الحَدُّ للأُخْرَى، لم يُحَدَّ حتى يَبْرَأَ جلدُه من حَدِّ (٢٩) الأُولَى. فإن قيل: إنَّ الحَدَّ ههُنا حَقٌّ لآدَمىٍّ، فلِمَ لا يُوالَى بينهما كالقِصاص، فإنَّه لو قَطَعَ يَدَىْ رَجُلَيْنِ، قَطَعْنا يَدَيْه لهما، ولم نُؤَخِّرْه؟ قُلْنا: لأنَّ حَدَّ القَذْفِ لا يتكَرَّرُ بتَكَرُّرِ سَبَبِه قبلَ إقامةِ حَدِّه، فالمُوالاةُ بين حَدَّيْنِ فيه تُخْرِجُه عن مَوْضُوعِه، والقِصاصُ يجوزُ أن تُقْطَعَ الأطْرافُ كلُّها فى قِصاص واحدٍ، فإذا جازَ لواحدٍ، فلاثْنَيْنِ أَوْلَى.
فصل: وإن قَذَفَ مُحْصَنًا مَرَّاتٍ، فحَدٌّ واحدٌ، رِوايةً واحدةً، سَواءٌ قَذَفَه بزِنًى آخرَ، أو كَرَّرَ القَذْفَ بالأَوّلِ؛ لأنَّهما حَدَّانِ ترادَفَ سَبَبُهما، فتداخَلَا، كالزِّنَى مِرارًا. وإن قَذَفَه فحُدَّ له، ثم قَذَفَه مَرَّةً أُخْرَى بذلك الزِّنَى، فلا حَدَّ عليه؛ لأنَّه قد تحقَّقَ كَذِبُه فيه بالحَدِّ، فلا حاجةَ إلى إظْهارِ كَذِبِه فيه ثانيًا، ولمَّا جَلَدَ عمرُ أبا بَكْرةَ حين شَهِدَ على المُغيَرةِ بن شُعْبةَ، أعاد قَذْفَه، فهَمَّ عمرُ بإعادةِ الحَدِّ عليه، فقال له علىٌّ: إن جَلَدْتَه فارْجُم صاحِبَه. فتَرَكَه (٣٠). ولكنَّه يُعَزَّرُ تَعْزِيرَ السَّبِّ والشَّتْمِ. وذكر القاضى أَنَّ فيه رِوَايةً أُخْرَى، أَنَّ عليه الحَدَّ ثانيًا؛ لأنَّه قَذْفٌ ثانٍ بعَد إقامةِ (٣١) الحَدِّ عليه، فأشْبَه ما لو قَذَفَه بزِنًى ثانٍ. وأمَّا إن قَذَفَه بزِنًى آخَرَ، فعليه حَدٌّ آخَرُ؛ لأنَّه قَذْفٌ لمُحْصَنٍ لم يحَدَّ فيه، فوَجَبَ أن يتَعَقَّبَه الحَدٌّ كالأوَّلِ، ولأنَّ سَبَبَ الحَدِّ وُجِدَ بعَد إقامَتِه، فأعِيدَ
(٢٦) فى الأصل: "بالبينونة".(٢٧) فى الأصل: "ولأمها".(٢٨) فى الأصل، ب، م: "تقديم".(٢٩) فى الأصل: "جلد".(٣٠) أخرجه البيهقى، فى: باب شهود الزنى اذا لم يكملوا أربعة، من كتاب الحدود. السنن الكبرى ٨/ ٢٣٤، ٢٣٥. وابن أبى شيبة، فى: باب فى الرجل يقذف الرجل. . .، من كتاب الحدود. المصنف ٩/ ٥٣٥.(٣١) سقط من: ب.