the night is a time prone to corruption, unlike the day, which is a time for fulfilling needs, earning a livelihood, and purchasing what is necessary. If a right is due from her that cannot be fulfilled except through her presence—such as an oath or a prescribed punishment (hadd)—and she is a woman of seclusion (dhat khidr), the judge shall send someone to her to fulfill the right from her within her residence. If she is a woman who goes out (barzah) (72), it is permissible to bring her to court to fulfill it; once she has finished, she shall return to her residence.
Section (73): A slave woman is like a free woman regarding mourning (ihdad) and observing the waiting period in the house, except that her residence during the waiting period is like her residence during the lifetime of her husband. Her master has the right to keep her during the day and send her out at night. If he sends her out both night and day, she shall observe her waiting period entirely within the house, and the heirs must provide her with accommodation (74) in both cases (75), just like a free woman.
Section: A Bedouin woman is like a sedentary woman regarding observing the waiting period in the house where her husband died while she was residing in it. If the settlement moves, she moves with them, because she cannot stay alone. If people other than her own kin move, she is obligated to stay with them (76). If her own kin move, she moves with them, unless there remain in the settlement those with whom she does not fear for herself, in which case she is given the choice between staying and departing. If her kin flee and she becomes afraid, she flees with them; if she feels secure, she stays to fulfill the waiting period in her house.
Section: If the owner of a ship and his wife die on the ship, and she has a residence on land, her ruling is the same as that of a traveler on land, according to what we shall mention. If she has no residence other than it, and she has (77) a cabin (78) in it where she can reside such that she does not intermix with men, and it is possible for her to stay in it such that she is safe in herself and is accompanied by her unmarriageable relative (mahram), it is obligatory upon her to observe her waiting period in it. If she is in a
(72) A barzah woman: A woman who goes out to people, and they sit with her and speak to her, while she remains chaste. (73) This section is omitted from B. (74) In M: "her residence". (75) In the original: "in it". (76) In Al-Sharh al-Kabir: "with her kin". (77) Omitted from B, M. (78) In A: "in it".
الليلَ مَظِنَّةُ الفَسَادِ، بخلافِ النهارِ، فإنَّه مَظِنةُ قَضَاءِ الحَوائجِ والمَعَاشِ، وشِرَاءِ ما يُحْتاجُ إليه. وإن وَجَبَ عليها حَقٌّ لا يمكنُ اسْتيفاؤُه إلَّا بها، كاليَمِينِ والحَدِّ، وكانت ذاتَ خِدْرٍ، بَعَثَ إليها الحاكمُ مَنْ يَسْتَوْفِى الحَقَّ منها في مَنْزِلِها، وإن كانت بَرْزَةً (٧٢)، جاز إحْضارُها لِاسْتِيفائِه، فإذا فَرَغَتْ رَجَعَتْ إلى مَنْزِلِها.
فصل (٧٣): والأمَةُ كالحُرَّةِ في الإِحْدادِ والاعْتِدادِ في المَنْزلِ، إلَّا أنَّ سُكْناها في العِدّةِ كسُكْناها في حَياةِ زَوْجها، للسَّيِّدِ إمْساكُها نَهارًا، وإرْسالُها ليلًا، فإن أرْسَلهَا ليلًا ونهارًا، اعْتَدّتْ زَمانَها كلَّه في المنزلِ، وعلى الوَرَثةِ إسْكانُها (٧٤) فيهما (٧٥)، كالحُرَّةِ سَواءً.
فصل: والبَدَوِيَّةُ كالحَضَرِيَّةِ في الاعْتِدادِ في مَنْزِلها الذي مات زَوْجُها وهى ساكِنَةٌ فيه، فإن انْتقَلتِ الحِلَّةُ، انْتَقَلَتْ معهم؛ لأنها لا يُمْكِنُها المُقامُ وحدَها، وإن انتقلَ غيرُ أهْلِها، لَزِمَها المُقامُ معهم (٧٦)، وإن انْتقَل أهْلُها، انتَقَلتْ معهم، إلَّا أن يَبْقَى من الحِلَّةِ من لا تَخَافُ على نَفْسِها معهم، فتكونَ مُخَيَّرةً بين الإِقامةِ والرَّحِيلِ. وإن هَرَبَ أهْلُها، فخافَتْ، هَرَبَتْ معهم، وإن أمِنَتْ أقامَتْ لِقَضاءِ العِدَّةِ في مَنْزِلِها.
فصل: فإن مات صاحبُ السَّفِينةِ وامرأتُه في السَّفِينةِ، ولها مسكنٌ في البَرِّ، فحُكْمُها حكمُ المُسافِرَةِ في البَرِّ، على ما سنذكُرُه، وإن لم يَكُنْ لها مسكنٌ سِوَاها، وكان لها (٧٧) فيها (٧٨) بَيْتٌ يُمْكِنُها السُّكْنَى فيه، بحيثُ لا تَجْتَمِعُ مع الرِّجالِ، وأمْكَنها المُقامُ فيه، بحيثُ تَأْمَنُ على نَفْسِها ومعها مَحْرَمُها، لَزِمَها أن تَعْتَدَّ به، فإن كانت
(٧٢) امرأة برزة: تبرز للقوم، يجلسون إليها ويتحدثون، وهى عفيفة.(٧٣) سقط هذا الفصل من: ب.(٧٤) في م: "سكناها".(٧٥) في الأصل: "فيها".(٧٦) في الشرح الكبير: "مع أهلها".(٧٧) سقط من: ب، م.(٧٨) في أ: "فيه".
