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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 11 · Page 306Section

Translation · EN

The ruling regarding this is the same as the ruling regarding the Hajj journey, according to the details we have mentioned. If she proceeds to her destination, she may stay there until she fulfills the purpose for which she departed and completes her need, whether for trade or otherwise. If her departure was for leisure or visiting, or if he (15) had not specified a duration for her, she should stay for the length of a traveler's stay, which is three days. If he (16) had specified a duration for her, she may remain for that duration; because her travel was by the authority of his permission, so she is entitled to stay for the duration he permitted. If that duration passes or she fulfills her need and returning is not possible due to fear or other reasons, she shall complete the waiting period where she is. If it is possible for her to return, but she cannot reach her home before her waiting period expires, she is obligated to stay where she is; for observing the waiting period while she is settled is better than doing so while traveling. If she would arrive while some part of her waiting period still remains, she is obligated to return in order to observe the waiting period in its [appropriate] place.

Section: If the husband gave her permission to move to another house or another city, but he died before she moved, she is obligated to observe the waiting period in the house where she is; because it is her home. This is the same regardless of whether he died before she moved her belongings or after; because it is her residence (17) as long as she has not moved out of it. If he died after she moved to the second [house], she observes the waiting period there; because it is her residence, regardless of whether she had moved her belongings or not. If he died while she was between them, she has a choice; because she does not have a residence in either of them, for she had already left the first one as a mover, so it ceased to be a residence for her, and she has not yet taken up residence in the second, so they are the same. It is said: She is obligated to observe the waiting period in the second; because it is the residence in which her husband gave her permission to live. This is possible when the two [locations] are houses. However, if they are two cities, she is never obligated to move to the second city under any circumstances; because she was only moving for her husband's purpose in accompanying him and residing with him. If we were to obligate her to do that after his death, we would be burdening her with a difficult journey, forcing her to be a stranger away from her homeland and her family, to reside with someone who is not her mahram (unmarriageable kin), and to risk herself, all while the purpose is already lost. The apparent state of the husband is that if he had known he would die, he would not have...

Notes

(15) In A: "wa lam" (and [she] did not). (16) Omitted from M. (17) Omitted from the Original.

Arabic (Source)

فالحُكْمُ في ذلك كالحُكْمِ في سَفَرِ الحجِّ، على ما ذكرْنا من التَّفْصيلِ. وإذا مَضَتْ إلى مَقْصِدِها، فلها الإِقامةُ حتى تَقْضِىَ ما خَرَجَتْ إليه، وتَنْقَضِىَ حاجَتُها من تِجارةٍ أو غيرِها. وإن كان خُرُوجُها لنُزْهةٍ أو زيارةٍ، أو لم (١٥) يكُنْ قَدَّرَ لها مُدَّةً، فإنَّها تُقِيمُ إقامةَ المُسافرِ ثلاثًا، وإن كان (١٦) قَدّرَ لها مُدّةً، فلها إقامَتُها؛ لأنَّ سَفَرَها بحُكْمِ إذْنِه، فكان لها إقامةُ ما أَذِنَ لها فيه، فإذا مَضَتْ مُدَّتُها، أو قَضَتْ حاجَتَها، ولم يُمْكِنْها الرُّجوعُ؛ لخَوْفٍ أو غيرِه، أتَمَّتِ العِدَّةَ في مكانِها، وإن أمْكنها الرُّجوعُ، لكن لا يُمْكِنُها الوُصولُ إلى منزِلها حتى تَنْقَضِىَ عِدّتُها، لَزِمَتْها الإِقامةُ في مكانِها؛ لأنَّ الاعْتدادَ وهى مُقِيمةٌ أَوْلَى من الإِتْيانِ بها في السفرِ. وإن كانت تَصِلُ وقد بَقِىَ من عِدَّتِها شيءٌ، لَزِمَها العَوْدُ؛ لتأْتِىَ بالعِدَّةِ في مكانِها.

فصل: وإن أَذِنَ الزَّوجُ لها في الانْتِقالِ إلى دارٍ أُخْرَى، أو بلدٍ آخَرَ، فمات قبلَ انْتقالِها، لَزِمهَا الاعْتِدادُ في الدَّارِ التي هي بها؛ لأنَّها بَيْتُها، وسواءٌ مات قبلَ نَقْلِ مَتاعِها أو بعدَه؛ لأنَّها مَسْكَنُها، ما (١٧) لم تَنْتَقِلْ عنه. وإن مات بعَد انْتقالِها إلى الثانيةِ، اعْتَدَّتْ فيها؛ لأنَّها مَسْكَنُها، وسواءٌ كانتْ قد نَقَلَتْ مَتاعَها، أو لم تَنْقُلْه. وإن مات وهى بينهما، فهى مُخَيَّرةٌ؛ لأنَّها لا مَسْكَنَ لها منهما، فإنَّ الأُولَى قد خَرَجَتْ عنها مُنْتَقِلةً، فخَرَجَتْ عن كَوْنِها مَسْكنًا لها، والثانية لم تَسْكُنْ بها، فهما سَواءٌ. وقيل: يَلْزَمُها الاعْتدادُ في الثانيةِ؛ لأنَّها المسكنُ الذي أَذِنَ لها زوجُها في السُّكْنَى به. وهذا يُمْكنُ في الدارَيْنِ، فأمَّا إذا كانا بَلَدينِ، لم يَلْزَمْها الانْتِقالُ إلى البلدِ الثاني بحالٍ؛ لأنَّها إنَّما كانت تَنْتقِلُ لغَرَضِ زَوْجِها في صُحْبَتِها إيَّاه، وإقامَتِها معه، فلو ألْزَمْناها ذلك بعدَ مَوْتِه، لَكَلّفْناها السّفَرَ الشاقَّ، والتَّغَرُّبَ عن وَطَنِها وأهْلِها، والمُقامَ مع غيرِ مَحْرَمِها، والمُخاطرةَ بنَفْسِها، مع فواتِ الغَرَضِ، وظاهرُ حالِ الزَّوجِ أنَّه لو عَلِمَ أنَّه يَموتُ، لَما

Notes

(١٥) في أ: "ولم".(١٦) سقط من: م.(١٧) سقط من: الأصل.

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