are of the opinion that one must wait for the wound until it heals. It is inferred for us that it is permissible to retaliate before healing, based on our statement: that if it progresses to the soul, one does to him as he did [to the victim]. This is the view of al-Shafi'i; he said: If he asked for retaliation the moment his finger was cut, I would grant it to him, based on what Jabir narrated that a man stabbed a man with a horn in his knee, and he said: O Messenger of Allah, retaliate for me. He said: "Wait until it heals." He refused and rushed, so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) granted retaliation for him. The leg of the one who sought retaliation became defective, while the leg of the one from whom retaliation was sought healed. The Prophet (peace be upon him) then said: "You have nothing; you were hasty." Al-Sa'id narrated this in a mursal (discontinued) chain. This is also because retaliation for a limb is not dropped by progression, so it must be that he possesses the right to it immediately, just as if it had healed. For us, there is what Jabir narrated, that the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade retaliation from the wounding until the wounded person heals. Al-Daraqutni narrated it from 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, from the Prophet (peace be upon him). Also, because it is not known whether the wound will result in death or not, so one should wait to know its ruling. As for their hadith, al-Daraqutni narrated it, and in its context, he said: O Messenger of Allah, I have become lame. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "I forbade you, but you disobeyed me; may Allah distance you, and your lameness is voided." He then forbade retaliating for a wound until its owner heals. This is an addition that must be accepted, and since it is subsequent to [the permission of] retaliation, it acts as an abrogator to it. In the same hadith is evidence that seeking retaliation before healing is an act of disobedience, due to his saying: "I forbade you, but you disobeyed me." What they mentioned is precluded, and this is the basis of the disagreement.
Section: If he retaliates before the wound has healed, the progression of the injury is considered null (is not compensated). Abu Hanifah said,
(31) Omitted from: M. (32) Al-Daraqutni brought it out in: Kitab al-Hudud wa al-Diyat and others. Sunan al-Daraqutni 3/88, 89. And al-Bayhaqi in: The Chapter of what has come regarding the exception in retaliation for wounds and cuts, from Kitab al-Jinayat. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 8/67. (33) In the original and B: "the wound". In M: "the wounds". The established text is from: Sunan al-Daraqutni and al-Sunan al-Kubra. (34) Al-Daraqutni brought out the hadiths of Jabir and 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb in: Kitab al-Hudud wa al-Diyat and others. Sunan al-Daraqutni 3/88. Imam Ahmad brought out the hadith of 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb in: Al-Musnad 2/217. (35) In the original: "istifa'ihi". (36) In B and M, there is an addition: "'ala".
يَرَى الانْتِظارَ بالجُرْحِ حتى يَبْرَأَ. ويتَخَرَّجُ لنا، أنَّه يجوزُ الاقْتِصاصُ قبلَ البُرْءِ، بِناءً على قولِنا: إنَّه إذا سَرَى إلى النَّفْسِ، يَفْعَلُ به (٣١) كما فَعَلَ. وهذا قولُ الشافعىِّ، قال: ولو سأَلَ القَوَدَ ساعةَ قُطِعَت إصْبَعُه، أقَدْتُه؛ لما رَوَى جابرٌ، أنَّ رَجُلًا طَعَنَ رجلًا بقَرْنٍ في رُكْبَتِه، فقال: يا رسولَ اللَّه، أقِدْنِي. قال: "حَتَّى تَبْرَأَ". فأبَى، وعَجَّلَ، فاسْتَقادَ له رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فعِيبَتْ رِجْلُ المُسْتَقِيدِ، وبَرأَتْ رجلُ المُسْتَقادِ منه. فقال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لَيْسَ لَكَ شَىْءٌ، إنَّكَ (٣١) عَجِلْتَ". رَوَاه سعيدٌ مُرْسَلًا (٣٢). ولأنَّ القِصاصَ من الطَّرَفِ لا يَسْقُطُ بالسِّرَايةِ، فوَجَبَ أن يَمْلِكَه في الحالِ، كما لو بَرَأَ. ولَنا، ما رَوَى جابِرٌ، أنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: نَهَى أن يُسْتَقَادَ من الجارِحِ (٣٣) حتى يَبْرَأَ المَجْرُوحُ. ورواه الدَّارَقُطْنِىُّ (٣٤)، عن عمرِو بنِ شُعَيْبٍ عن أبيه، عن جَدِّه، عن النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-. ولأنَّ الجُرْحَ لا يُدْرَى أَقَتْلٌ هو أم ليس بقَتْلٍ، فيَنْبَغِى أن يُنْتَظَرَ ليُعْلَمَ ما حُكْمُه؟ فأمَّا حَدِيثُهم، فقد روَاه الدَّارَقُطْنِىُّ، وفى سِياقِه، فقال: يا رسولَ اللَّه، عَرَجْتُ. فقال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "قَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ فَعَصَيْتَنِى، فأبْعَدَكَ اللهُ، وبَطَلَ عَرَجُكَ". ثم نَهَى أن يُقْتَصَّ من جُرْحٍ حتى يَبْرَأَ صاحِبُه. وهذه زِيادةٌ يجبُ قَبُولُها، وهى متأَخِّرَةٌ عن الاقْتِصاصِ، فتكونُ ناسِخةً له. وفى نفسِ الحديثِ ما يَدُلُّ على أنَّ اسْتِقادَتَه (٣٥) قبلَ البُرْءِ مَعْصِيَةٌ؛ لقَوْلِه: "قَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ فَعَصَيْتَنِى". وما ذكَرُوه مَمْنُوعٌ، وهو مَبْنَى (٣٦) الخِلافِ.
فصل: فإن اقْتَصَّ قبلَ الانْدِمالِ، هُدِرَتْ سِرَايةُ الجِنايةِ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ،
(٣١) سقط من: م.(٣٢) وأخرجه الدارقطني، في: كتاب الحدود والديات وغيره. سنن الدارقطني ٣/ ٨٨، ٨٩. والبيهقي، في: باب ما جاء في الاستثناء بالقصاص من الجرح والقطع، من كتاب الجنايات. السنن الكبرى ٨/ ٦٧.(٣٣) في الأصل، ب: "الجرح". وفي م: "الجروح". والمثبت من: سنن الدارقطني، والسنن الكبرى.(٣٤) أخرج الدارقطني حديثى جابر وعمرو بن شعيب، في: كتاب الحدود والديات وغيره. سنن الدارقطني ٣/ ٨٨. وأخرج الإِمام أحمد حديث عمرو بن شعيب، في: المسند ٢/ ٢١٧.(٣٥) في الأصل "استفائه".(٣٦) في ب، م زيادة: "على".