al-Muwatta’ (2). Furthermore, the eyes are among the most beneficial and aesthetically significant organs; therefore, the full diya is due for both, and half for one, just like the hands. Once this is established, there is no difference whether they are large or small, beautiful or ugly, healthy or diseased, cross-eyed or inflamed. If there is a whiteness in them that does not diminish the vision, the diya is not reduced, but if it diminishes the vision, the diya is reduced in proportion to that (3). In the loss of vision, the full diya is due, because for any two organs where the diya is mandated for their removal, it is also mandated for the removal of their utility, such as the hands if they are rendered paralyzed. For the loss of vision in one of them, half the diya is due, just as if one hand were paralyzed; there is no more than the full diya for the removal of both in terms of their utility, just like the two hands.

Section: If one commits a crime against his head that results in the loss of his vision, he is liable for the full diya, because the vision was lost as a result of his crime. If it was not lost by the crime itself, but he treated it and it was lost due to the treatment, he is liable for the full diya, because it was lost due to his action. If they disagree regarding the loss of vision, it shall be referred to two just, Muslim experts who possess knowledge in this field, because they have a method to determine this by observing the eye, which is the site of vision, and knowing its condition, unlike the sense of hearing. If no experts are found, or if it is impossible to determine, it shall be tested by having him stand facing the sun and having an object brought close to his eye during moments of his distraction. If he blinks or fears what is being threatened with, he is a liar; otherwise, the ruling shall be in his favor. Once the loss of his vision is confirmed, and the experts state that its return is not expected, the full diya is mandatory. If they say that its return is expected within a period they specify, it shall be awaited, and the diya shall not be given until the period expires. If the vision returns, the liability is dropped from the perpetrator. If it does not return, the diya is settled. If the victim dies before the return, the diya is settled, regardless of whether he died within the period or after it. If the perpetrator claims his vision returned before his death and his heir denies it, the word of the heir is accepted, because the basic assumption (al-asl) is in his favor. If a stranger comes and plucks his eye within the period,