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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 12 · Page 110Section

Translation · EN

the minor, and the insane person recovers, they take the oath at that time. The school of al-Shafi'i in this entire section is the same as our school.

Section: For the eye of a one-eyed person, there is a full diya. This was stated by al-Zuhri, Malik, al-Layth, Qatada, and Ishaq. Masruq, Abd Allah ibn Mughaffal, al-Nakha'i, al-Thawri, Abu Hanifa, and al-Shafi'i said: It carries half the diya, because of his saying, peace be upon him: "For the eye, there are fifty camels," and the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "For the two eyes, there is the diya." This implies that no more than that should be mandatory for them, whether one person plucks them both, or two people at the same time, or at two different times; and the plucker of the second one is a plucker of the eye of a one-eyed person. If a full diya were mandatory upon him, then a diya and a half would be mandatory for them both, and because that which is guaranteed by half a diya while its counterpart remains, is guaranteed by it even when it is gone, like the ear. The words of al-Khiraqi permit this interpretation because he said: "For a single eye, there is half a diya," and he did not distinguish. Our position is that Umar, Uthman, Ali, and Ibn Umar ruled with the full diya for the eye of a one-eyed person, and we do not know of any companion who opposed them, so it constitutes a consensus. Also, because plucking the eye of a one-eyed person involves the loss of all vision, so the diya is mandatory, just as if he had lost it from both eyes. Evidence for this is that he obtains through it what one obtains through two eyes, for he sees distant things, perceives subtle things, performs the work of those with sight, it is permissible for him to be a judge or a witness, and it suffices in expiation and in the sacrifice, provided the one-eyed animal is not completely blind. Thus, a full diya is mandatory for his vision, as it is for one who has two eyes. If it is said: If this were valid, then it would not be mandatory in

Notes

(20) Its documentation was mentioned previously on page 5. (21) Omitted from [B]. (22) The letter "wa" is omitted from [M]. (23) See: what was narrated by Abd al-Razzaq, in: The chapter on the eye of a one-eyed person, from the Book of Al-'Uqul (Blood Money). Al-Musannaf 9/330, 331. And Ibn Abi Shayba, in: The chapter on the one-eyed person having his eye plucked out, from the Book of Diya. Al-Musannaf 9/196, 197. And al-Bayhaqi, in: The chapter on the healthy person injuring the eye of a one-eyed person..., from the Book of Diya. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 8/94. (24) In [M]: "wa lam" (and did not). (25) In [M]: "like that in two eyes".

Arabic (Source)

الصَّبِىُّ، وأفاقَ المجنونُ، حَلَفا حينَئذٍ. ومذْهَبُ الشَّافعىِّ في هذا الفصل كلِّه كمذْهَبِنا.

فصل: وفى عَيْنِ الأعْورِ دِيَةٌ كَاملةٌ. وبذلك قال الزُّهْرِىُّ، ومالكٌ، واللَّيْثُ، وقَتادةُ، وإسْحاقُ. وقالَ مَسْروقٌ، وعبدُ اللهِ بنُ مُغَفَّلٍ، والنَّخَعِىُّ، والثَّوْرِىُّ، وأبو حنيفةَ، والشَّافعىُّ: فيها نِصْفُ الدِّيَةِ؛ لقوْلِه عليه السَّلام: "وَفِى الْعَيْنِ خَمْسُونَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ". وقولِ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "وَفِى الْعَيْنَيْنِ الدِّيَةُ" (٢٠). يقْتضى أنْ لا يجبَ فيهما أكْثرُ منْ ذلك، سَواءٌ قَلَعَهما واحدٌ، أو اثْنانِ في وقتٍ واحدٍ، أو (٢١) في وَقْتينِ، وقالعُ الثَّانيةِ قالعُ عيْنِ أعْوَرَ، فلو وجَبَتْ عليه دِيَةٌ، لوَجبَ فيهما دِيَةٌ ونصْفٌ، ولأنَّ ما ضُمِنَ بنصفِ الدِّيَةِ مع بقاءِ نَظِيرِه، ضُمِنَ به مع ذَهابِه، كالأُذُنِ. ويَحْتَمِلُ هذا كلامُ الْخِرَقِىِّ؛ لقوله: وفى العيْنِ الواحدةِ نِصفُ الدِّيَةِ ولم (٢٢) يُفرِّقْ. ولَنا، أنَّ عُمرَ، وعثمانَ، وعَليًّا، وابنَ عُمرَ، قَضَوا في عَيْنِ الأعْورِ بالدِّيَةِ (٢٣). ولا (٢٤) نعلمُ لهم في الصَّحابةِ مُخالِفًا، فيكونُ إجْماعًا، ولأنَّ قلْعَ عَيْنِ الأعْورِ يَتَضمَّن إذْهابَ البصرِ كُلِّه، فوجبَتِ الدِّيَةُ، كما لو أذْهبَهُ من العينيْنِ، ودليلُ ذلك أنَّه يحصُل بها ما يحْصُل بالعينَيْن، فإنَّه يَرى الأشياءَ البعيدةَ، ويُدْركُ الأشياءَ اللَّطيفةَ، ويَعْمَلُ أعْمالَ البُصَراءِ، ويجوزُ أنْ يكونَ قاضيًا وشاهدًا، ويُجْزِئُ في الكفَّارةِ وفى الأُضْحِيَةِ إذا لم تَكُنِ العَوْراءُ مَخْسُوفةً، فوجبَ في بصَرِه دِيَةٌ كَاملةٌ، [كذِى العَيْنَيْنَ] (٢٥). فإنْ قِيل: فلو صحَّ هذا، لم يجبْ في

Notes

(٢٠) تقدم تخريجه صفحة ٥.(٢١) سقط من: ب.(٢٢) سقطت الواو من: م.(٢٣) انظر: ما أخرجه، عبد الرزاق في: باب عين الأعور، من كتاب العقول. المصنف ٩/ ٣٣٠، ٣٣١. وابن أبى شيبة، في: باب الأعور تفقأ عينه، من كتاب الديات. المصنف ٩/ ١٩٦، ١٩٧. والبيهقي، في: باب الصحيح يصيب عين الأعور. . ., من كتاب الديات. السنن الكبرى ٨/ ٩٤.(٢٤) في م: "ولم".(٢٥) في م: "كذا في العينين".

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