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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 12 · Page 140Section

Translation · EN

side of it. Their statement that the blood money is due for cutting it from the wrist—we say: Likewise, it is due for cutting the fingers separately, and no more than what is due for cutting the fingers is due for cutting it from the wrist, and for the male organ, the same is due for cutting it from its base as is due for cutting its glans. As for when he cuts the hand from the wrist, then cuts it again from the elbow, a discretionary penalty (hukuma) is due for what was cut a second time; because the blood money for the hand was already mandatory upon him due to the first cut, so a discretionary penalty became due for the second, just as if he cut the fingers and then cut the palm, or cut the glans of the male organ then cut the rest of it, or as if two people did that.

Section: If one commits a crime against it and renders it paralyzed (ashalla-ha), its blood money is due upon him, because he has caused the loss of its utility, so its blood money is binding upon him, just as if he blinded his eye while it remained intact, or rendered his tongue mute. If one commits a crime against his hand, causing it to become crooked, reducing its strength, or disfiguring it, a discretionary penalty is due for its impairment. If he breaks it and it heals straight, a discretionary penalty is due for its disfigurement if it is indeed disfigured by that; if it heals crooked, the discretionary penalty is greater, [because its disfigurement is greater]. If the perpetrator says, "I will break it then set it straight," he is not permitted to do so, because it is a second offense. If he breaks it through aggression then sets it and it becomes straight, the discretionary penalty that became due for its crookedness does not lapse, because that became fixed the moment it healed crookedly; this is a second offense, and the second setting is separate from the first. This is not like the case where the sight of an eye is lost and then returns, because in that case it became clear that the light [of the eye] did not actually vanish, but rather an obstruction stood in its way, whereas here the case is different. A discretionary penalty is due for the second break because it is a second offense. It is possible [to hold] that it is not due, because he removed the harm of the crookedness from it, so it was

Notes

(11) In B: "salamna" (we concede). (12) In M: "munfaridatan" (separately). (13) Omitted from B. (14) In the original: "wajaba". (15) In the original and B: "wajaba". (16) Omitted from B. (17) In the original and B: "li-annahu" (because it). (18) In the original: "li-annahu" (because it).

Arabic (Source)

جانبًا منه. وقولُهم: إنَّ الدِّيةَ تجبُ في قَطْعِها من الكُوعِ. قُلْنا (١١): وكذلك تجبُ بقَطْعِ الأصابعِ مُفْرَدةً (١٢)، ولا يجبُ بقَطْعِها من الكُوعِ أكثرُ ممَّا يجبُ في (١٣) قَطْعِ الأصابعِ، والذَّكرُ يجب في قَطْعِه من أصْلِه مثلُ ما يجبُ بقَطْعِ حَشَفَتِه. فأمَّا إذَا قطَع اليَدَ من الكُوعِ، ثم قطَعَها من الْمَرْفِقِ، وجَبَ في المقْطوعِ ثانيًا حُكومةٌ؛ لأنَّه وجَبتْ (١٤) عليه دِيَةُ اليَدِ بالقَطْعِ الأوَّلِ، فوجَبتْ (١٥) بالثَّانى حُكومةٌ، كما لو قطَعَ الأصابعَ ثمَّ قطَعَ الكَفَّ، أو قطَعَ حَشَفَةَ الذَّكرِ ثم قطَعَ بقيَّتَه، أو كما لو فعلَ ذلك اثْنانِ.

فصل: فإنْ جَنَى عليها فأشلَّها، وجَبتْ عليه دِيَتُها؛ لأنَّه فوَّتَ مَنْفَعتَها، فلزِمَتْهُ دِيَتُها، كما لو أعْمَى عَيْنَه مع بقائِها، أو أخْرَسَ لسانَه. وإنْ جَنَى على يَدِه فعوَّجَها، أو نقَصَ قُوَّتَها، أو شانَها، فعليه حُكومةٌ لنَقْصِها. وإن كسرَها ثمَّ انجبرَتْ مُسْتقيمةً، وجَبتْ حُكومةٌ لِشَيْنِها إن شَانَها ذلك، وإن عادَت مُعْوَجَّةً، فالحكومةُ أكثرُ؛ [لأنَّ شَيْنَها أكثرُ] (١٦). وإنْ قال الجانى: أنا أكْسِرُها ثم أجْبُرُها مُسْتقِيمةً. لم يُمَكَّنْ من ذلك؛ لأنَّها (١٧) جِنايةٌ ثانيةٌ. فإنْ كسَرَهَا تَعدِّيًا ثم جَبَرها فاستقامَتْ، لم يسْقُطْ ما وجبَ من الحُكومةِ في اعْوجاجِها؛ لأنَّ ذلك اسْتَقَرَّ حين انْجَبرَتْ عَوْجاءَ، وهذه جنايةٌ ثانيةٌ، والجبْرُ الثَّانى لها دُون الأُولَى، ولا يُشْبِهُ هذا ما إذا ذهَبَ ضَوْءُ عَيْنِه ثُمَّ عادَ؛ لأنَّنا تبيَّنَّا أنَّ الضَّوْءَ لم يذْهَبْ, وإنَّما حالَ دونَه حائلٌ، وههُنا بخلافِه، وتجبُ الحُكومةُ في الكسرِ الثاني؛ لأنَّها (١٨) جِنايةٌ ثانيةٌ. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنْ لا تجبَ؛ لأنَّه أزالَ ضَررَ العِوَجِ منها، فكان

Notes

(١١) في ب: "سلمنا".(١٢) في م: "منفردة".(١٣) سقط من: ب.(١٤) في الأصل: "وجب".(١٥) في الأصل، ب: "وجب".(١٦) سقط من: ب.(١٧) في الأصل، ب: "لأنه".(١٨) في الأصل: "لأنه".

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