{Do not turn your cheek away from people in arrogance} (2). That is, do not turn away from them with your face out of arrogance, like the tilting of the face of a camel suffering from al-sa‘ar. So whoever commits an injury against a human being, causing his neck to become crooked such that his face turns to one side (3), upon him is the full blood money. This was narrated from Zayd ibn Thabit (4). Al-Shafi‘i said: There is nothing for it except a government-determined assessment (hukumah); because it is the removal of beauty without [removing] a benefit. To us, there is what Makhul narrated from Zayd ibn Thabit, that he said: In the case of al-sa‘ar, the blood money is due. And no one among the Companions is known to have differed with him on this, so it constitutes a consensus. Also, because he has removed both beauty and benefit, thus a full blood money is required for it, as with other benefits. Their statement: "He has not removed its benefit" (6), is incorrect; for he is unable to look in front of him, nor avoid what he fears when he walks. And if an affair befalls him, or an enemy suddenly attacks him, he cannot know of it, nor avoid it, and he is unable to turn his neck to recognize (7) what he wishes to see, or to recognize what benefits him [from what harms him] (8).
Section: If he injures him, and looking sideways becomes difficult for him, or swallowing water or other things becomes difficult, then for this there is a government-determined assessment (hukumah); because he has not removed the entire benefit, and it is not possible to estimate it. But if he becomes in such a state that he cannot swallow his own saliva, this is a condition that hardly allows one to survive; however, if he does survive with this, then the blood money is due for it, because it is the deprivation of a benefit that has no equal in the body.
1502 - Issue; he said: (And in the case of the withered (paralyzed) hand, there is one-third of its blood money, and likewise for the non-seeing eye, and the blackened tooth)
The withered hand: that which has lost its power of grasping. And the non-seeing eye: that which has lost its sight
(2) Surah Luqman, 18. (3) In B and M: "with his face". (4) Narrated by ‘Abd al-Razzaq, in: The Chapter on Al-Sa‘ar, from the Book of Blood Money (al-‘Uqul), Al-Musannaf 9/359. And Ibn Abi Shaybah, in: The Chapter on What Is Due If One Is Afflicted with Al-Sa‘ar, from the Book of Blood Money (al-Diyat), Al-Musannaf 9/171. (5) In B: "in". (6) In the original: "with a benefit". (7) In B and M: "to know". (8) In B and M: "and what harms him".
{وَلَا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ} (٢). أي: لا تُعْرِضْ عنهم بوَجْهِكَ تَكَبُّرًا، كإمالةِ وَجْهِ البعيرِ الذي به الصَّعَرُ، فمنْ جَنَى على إنسانِ جنايةً، فعوَّجَ عُنُقَه، حتى صارَ وَجْهُه (٣) في جانبٍ، فعليه دِيَةٌ كاملةٌ. رُوِيَ ذلك عن زيدِ بنِ ثابتٍ (٤). وقال الشافعيُّ: ليس فيه إلَّا حُكومةٌ؛ لأنَّه إذْهابُ جَمالٍ من (٥) غيرِ مَنْفَعةٍ. ولَنا، ما رَوَى مَكْحُولٌ، عن زيدِ بنِ ثابتٍ، أنَّه قال: وفي الصَّعَرِ الدِّيَةُ. ولم يُعْرَفْ له في الصَّحابةِ مُخالِفٌ، فكان إجماعًا، ولأنَّه أذْهبَ الجمالَ والمَنْفَعةَ، فوجبتْ فيه دِيَةٌ كاملةٌ، كسائرِ المنافعِ. وقولُهم: لم يَذْهَبْ بمَنْفَعَتِه (٦). غيرُ صحيحٍ؛ فإنَّه لا يَقْدِرُ على النَّظَرِ أمامَه، واتِّقاءِ ما يَحْذَرُه إذا مَشَى، وإذا نابَه أمْرٌ، أو دَهَمَه عَدُوٌّ، لم يُمْكِنْه العِلْمُ به، ولا اتِّقاؤُه، ولا يُمْكِنُه لَيُّ عُنُقِه ليتَعَرَّفَ (٧) ما يُرِيدُ نَظَرَه، ويَتَعَرَّفَ ما يَنْفعُه [مِمَّا يَضُرُّه] (٨).
فصل: فإنْ جَنَى عليه، فصار الالْتِفاتُ عليه شاقًّا، أو ابْتِلاعُ الماءِ، أو غيرِه، ففيه حُكَومةٌ؛ لأنَّه لم يَذْهَبْ بالمَنْفَعةِ كلِّها، ولا يُمْكِنُ تَقْدِيرُها. وإن صار بحيثُ لا يُمْكِنُه ازْدِرادُ رِيقِه، فهذا لا يكادُ يَبْقَى، فإنْ بَقِيَ مع ذلك، ففيه الدِّيَةُ؛ لأنَّه تَفْويتُ مَنْفَعةٍ ليس لها مِثْلٌ في البَدَنِ.
١٥٠٢ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَفِي الْيَدِ الشَّلَّاءِ ثُلُثُ دِيَتِهَا، وَكَذَلِكَ الْعَيْنُ الْقَائِمَةُ، وَالسِّنُّ السَّوْدَاءُ)
اليَدُ الشَّلَّاءُ: التي ذهبَ منها مَنْفَعةُ البطْشِ. والعينُ القائمةُ: التي ذهبَ بصرُها
(٢) سورة لقمان ١٨.(٣) في ب، م: "بوجهه".(٤) أخرجه عبد الرزاق، في: باب الصَّعر، من كتاب العقول. المصنف ٩/ ٣٥٩. وابن أبي شيبة، في: باب إذا أصابه صَعَرٌ ما فيه، من كتاب الديات. المصنف ٩/ ١٧١.(٥) في ب: "في".(٦) في الأصل: "بمنفعة".(٧) في ب، م: "ليعرف".(٨) في ب، م: "ويضره".
