regarding you with the judgment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): if she had made her lawful for you, we would have flogged you one hundred times, and if she had not made her lawful for you, we would have stoned you (29) with stones. They found that she had indeed made her lawful for him, so he flogged him one hundred times. If she becomes pregnant from this intercourse, does paternity attach to him? There are two narrations: one of them is that it attaches to him, because it is intercourse that does not necessitate (30) a legal punishment, so paternity attaches to him, like intercourse with a jointly owned slave woman. The other is that it does not attach to him, because it is intercourse without ownership or a doubt of ownership (31), resembling [the married adulterer] (32).
Section: There is no legal punishment for a coerced woman according to the opinion of the general body of scholars. This is narrated from Umar, al-Zuhri, Qatada, al-Thawri, al-Shafi'i, and the scholars of opinion (ashab al-ra'y). We know of no dissenter regarding this, and this is based on the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "My nation has been pardoned for mistakes, forgetfulness, and what they have been coerced into (33)." From 'Abd al-Jabbar ibn Wa'il (34), from his father, that (35) a woman was coerced during the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he averted the punishment from her. Al-Athram transmitted it (36). He said: Slave women from the government slave women were brought to Umar, and they had been coerced by youths from the government youths, so he struck the youths and did not strike the slave women (37). Sa'id transmitted with his chain of transmission from Tariq ibn Shihab, who said: A woman who had committed adultery was brought to Umar, and she said: I was asleep and did not wake up until a man was looming over me. So he let her go and did not strike her (38).
(29) In the original: "I would stone you". (30) In B: "necessitates". (31) Omitted from the original and B. (32) In B and M: "pure adultery". (33) Its transmission was previously cited in 1/146. (34) Omitted from B. (35) In B: "on the authority of". (36) Transmitted by al-Tirmidhi, in: The chapter on what has been narrated regarding a woman if she is coerced into adultery, from the chapters of Legal Punishments. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi, 6/234. And Ibn Majah, in: The chapter on the coerced person, from the Book of Legal Punishments. Sunan Ibn Majah, 2/866. And Imam Ahmad in: al-Musnad, 4/318. (37) Transmitted by Ibn Abi Shaybah, in: The chapter on the coerced woman, from the Book of Legal Punishments. Al-Musannaf, 9/550. And see: what was transmitted by Imam Malik, in: The comprehensive chapter on what has been narrated regarding the punishment for adultery, from the Book of Legal Punishments. Al-Muwatta, 2/827.
فيك بقضِيَّةِ رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، إن كانتْ أحلَّتْها لك، جَلَدْنَاكَ مِائةً، وإن لم تَكُنْ أحلَّتْها لك، رَجَمْنَاكَ (٢٩) بالحجارَةِ. فوجدُوها أحلَّتْها له، فجلَدَه مِائةً. وإن عَلِقَتْ من هذا الوَطْءِ، فهل يَلْحَقُه النَّسَبُ؟ على رِوَايتَيْنِ؛ إحداهما، يَلْحَقُ به؛ لأنَّه وَطْءٌ لا يجبُ (٣٠) به الحَدُّ، فلَحِقَ به النَّسَبُ، كوَطْءِ الجارِيَةِ المُشترَكَةِ. والأُخْرى، لا يَلْحَقُ به؛ لأنَّه وَطْءٌ في غيرِ مِلْكٍ ولا شُبْهَةِ مِلْكٍ (٣١)، أشْبَهَ [الزَّانِىَ المُحْصَنَ] (٣٢).
فصل: ولا حَدَّ على مُكْرَهَةٍ في قولِ عامَّةِ أهلِ العلمِ. رُوِىَ ذلك عن عمرَ، والزُّهْرِىِّ، وقَتَادَةَ، والثَّورِىِّ، والشَّافِعِىِّ، وأصْحابِ الرَّأْىِ. ولا نعلمُ فيه مُخالفًا؛ وذلك لقولِ رسول اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "عُفِىَ لأمَّتِى عن الْخَطإِ، والنِّسْيَانِ، وما اسْتُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْه" (٣٣). وعن عبد الجَبَّارِ بن وائلٍ (٣٤)، عن أبيه، أنَّ (٣٥) امرأةً اسْتُكْرِهَتْ على عهدِ رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- فدَرَأَ عنها الحَدَّ. روَاه الأثْرَمُ (٣٦). قال: وَأُتِىَ عمرُ بإمَاءٍ من إمَاءِ الإِمارةِ، اسْتكْرَهَهُنَّ غِلْمانٌ من غِلْمانِ الإِمارةِ، فضَرَبَ الغِلْمانَ، ولم يضْرِبِ الإِماءَ (٣٧). ورَوَى سعيدٌ بإسْنادِه عن طارقِ بن شِهَابٍ، قال: أُتِىَ عمرُ بامرأةٍ قد زَنَتْ، فقالَتْ: إنِّي كنتُ نائمةً، فلم أستيقظْ إلَّا برجلٍ قد جَثَمَ علىَّ. فخَلَّى
(٢٩) في الأصل: "رجمتك".(٣٠) في ب: "يوجب".(٣١) سقط من: الأصل، ب.(٣٢) في ب، م: "الزنى المحض".(٣٣) تقدم تخريجه، في: ١/ ١٤٦.(٣٤) سقط من: ب.(٣٥) في ب: "عن".(٣٦) أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في المرأة إذا استكرهت على الزنى، من أبواب الحدود. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٢٣٤. وابن ماجه، في: باب المستكره، من كتاب الحدود. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٨٦٦. والإِمام أحمد في: المسند ٤/ ٣١٨.(٣٧) أخرجه ابن أبي شيبة، في: باب في المستكرهة، من كتاب الحدود. المصنف ٩/ ٥٥٠. وانظر: ما أخرجه الإِمام مالك، في: باب جامع ما جاء في حد الزنى، من كتاب الحدود. الموطأ ٢/ ٨٢٧.