As for us, our evidence is what was narrated by Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Every intoxicant is khamr (wine), and every khamr is prohibited." From Jabir, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Whatever causes intoxication in large quantities, its small quantity is prohibited." Both were recorded by Abu Dawud, al-Athram, and others. From Aisha, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: "Every intoxicant is prohibited." He said: "And that which the faraq (a specific measurement) causes intoxication, a palm-full of it is prohibited." Recorded by Abu Dawud and others. Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: The prohibition of khamr was revealed while it was made from grapes, dates, honey, wheat, and barley; and khamr is that which clouds the intellect. Muttafaq alayh (agreed upon). Furthermore, because it is an intoxicant, it is similar to grape juice. As for their hadith, Ahmad said: There is no authentic hadith regarding the concession for intoxicants. The hadith of Ibn Abbas was recorded by Sa'id, from Mis'ar, from Abu Awn, from Ibn Shaddad, from Ibn Abbas, who said: "And the intoxicant from every beverage." Ibn al-Mundhir said: The people of Kufa brought forward reports that are defective (ma'lulah), which we have mentioned along with their causes of defect.
(4) The authentication of the first has been previously mentioned on page 493. The second was recorded by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on the Prohibition of Intoxicants, from the Book of Beverages. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/294. It was also recorded by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on what has come regarding that which causes intoxication in large quantities, its small quantity is prohibited, from the Chapters on Beverages. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 8/58. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on what causes intoxication in large quantities, its small quantity is prohibited, from the Book of Beverages. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1125. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 3/343. (5) Omitted from: B. (6) Al-faraq (with a fatha on the letters): a measure equivalent to sixteen ratls. Al-faraq (with a sukun on the ra): one hundred and twenty ratls. "Al-faraq" and "a palm-full" are two expressions for the maximum and minimum quantities, not for defining limits. (7) Recorded by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on the Prohibition of Intoxicants, from the Book of Beverages. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/295. It was also recorded by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on what has come regarding that which causes intoxication in large quantities, its small quantity is prohibited, from the Chapters on Beverages. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 8/59. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 6/71, 72, 131. (8) Omitted from: M. (9) Recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter: {Khamr, gambling, idolatrous altars and divining arrows...} the verse, from the Book of Tafsir, and in: The Chapter on Khamr from grapes, from the Book of Beverages. Sahih al-Bukhari 6/67, 7/136. And Muslim, in: The Chapter on the revelation of the prohibition of khamr, from the Book of Tafsir. Sahih Muslim 4/2322. It was also recorded by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on the prohibition of khamr, from the Book of Beverages. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/291. And al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on mentioning the types of things from which khamr was made..., from the Book of Beverages. Al-Mujtaba 8/262, 263.
ولَنا، ما رَوَى ابنُ عمرَ، قال: قال رسول اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ خَمْرٌ، وكُلُّ خَمْرٍ حَرَامٌ". وعن جابرٍ قال: قال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثيرُهُ، فَقَلِيلُه حَرَامٌ". روَاهما أبو دَاودَ، والأثْرَمُ، وغيرُهما (٤)، وعن عائِشَةَ قالتْ: سمعتُ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- يقولُ: "كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ". قال (٥): "ومَا أَسْكَرَ مِنْه الْفَرَقُ (٦)، فَمِلْءُ الْكَفِّ مِنْهُ حَرَامٌ". روَاه أبو داود، وغيرُه (٧). وقال عمرُ، رَضِىَ اللهُ عنه: نزلَ تَحْرِيمُ الخمرِ، وهى من العنبِ والتَّمْرِ والعسلِ، والحِنْطةِ (٨) والشَّعيرِ، والخمرُ ما خامرَ العَقْلَ. مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٩). ولأنَّه مُسْكِرٌ، فأشْبَهَ عصيرَ العِنَبِ. فأمَّا حديثُهم، فقال أحمدُ: ليس في الرُّخْصَةِ في المُسْكِرِ حديثٌ صَحِيحٌ. وحديثُ ابنِ عباسٍ روَاه سعيدٌ. عن مِسْعَرٍ، عن أبي عَوْن، عن ابن شَدَّادٍ، عن ابن عباسٍ. قال: وَالْمُسْكِرُ مِنْ كُلِّ شرابٍ. وقال ابنُ المُنْذرِ: جاءَ أهلُ
(٤) تقدم تخريج الأول، في صفحة ٤٩٣، والثانى أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب النهى عن المسكر، من كتاب الأشربة. سنن أبىى داود ٢/ ٢٩٤.كما أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء ما أسكر كثيره فقليله حرام، من أبواب الأشربة. عارضة الأحوذى ٨/ ٥٨. وابن ماجه، في: باب ما أسكر كثيره فقليله حرام، من كتاب الأشربة. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١١٢٥. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٣/ ٣٤٣.(٥) سقط من: ب.(٦) الفرق؛ بالتحريك: مكيلة تسع ستة عشر رطلا. والفرق؛ بالسكون: مائة وعشرون رطلا. والفرق وملء الكف عبارتان عن التكثير والتقليل، لا التحديد.(٧) أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في النهى عن المسكر، من كتاب الأشربة. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٩٥.كما أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء ما أسكر كثيره فقليله حرام، من أبواب الأشربة. عارضة الأحوذى ٨/ ٥٩. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٦/ ٧١، ٧٢، ١٣١.(٨) سقط من: م.(٩) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب: {إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنْصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ. . .} الآية، من كتاب التفسير، وفى: باب الخمر من العنب، من كتاب الأشربة. صحيح البخاري ٦/ ٦٧، ٧/ ١٣٦. ومسلم، في: باب في نزول تحريم الخمر، من كتاب التفسير. صحيح مسلم ٤/ ٢٣٢٢.كما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في تحريم الخمر، من كتاب الأشربة. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٩١. والنسائي، في: باب ذكر أنواع الأشياء التي كانت منها الخمر. . ., من كتاب الأشربة. المجتبى ٨/ ٢٦٢، ٢٦٣.
