The first is that the act of consuming the disputed matter here is an incitement to commit what is unanimously agreed to be prohibited, whereas the act of consuming other disputed matters turns one away from the category of that which is unanimously agreed to be prohibited. The second is that the Sunnah from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has become widespread regarding the prohibition of this disputed matter, leaving no excuse for anyone to believe in its permissibility, unlike other matters of ijtihad (legal reasoning). Ahmad ibn al-Qasim said: I heard Abu Abd Allah say: Regarding the prohibition of intoxicants, there are twenty points narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him); in some of them: "Every intoxicant is khamr," and in others: "Every intoxicant is prohibited."

Section: If one mixes crumbs (tharid) into khamr, or dips food into it, or cooks meat with it and eats from its broth, the hadd (prescribed punishment) is mandatory upon him, because the substance of the khamr is present. Likewise, if he mixes it with sawiq (barley flour) and eats it. But if he kneads flour with it, then bakes it and eats it, he is not subject to the hadd, because the fire has consumed the parts of the khamr, leaving only its trace. If one administers khamr as an enema (ihtiqan), he is not subject to the hadd, because it is neither drinking nor eating, and because it did not reach his throat; thus, it is similar to using it to treat a wound. However, if he uses it as a nasal snuff (ista'ata), he is subject to the hadd, because he caused it to reach his interior from his throat, and that is why it establishes the prohibition of fosterage (rada') unlike an enema. It has been narrated from Ahmad that the one who administers it as an enema is subject to the hadd because he caused it to reach his interior; however, the first opinion is more appropriate for the reasons we have mentioned. And Allah knows best.

Section Three: Regarding the amount of the hadd, there are two narrations. The first is that it is eighty lashes. This is the opinion of Malik, al-Thawri, Abu Hanifah, and those who followed them, due to the consensus of the Companions, for it is narrated that Umar consulted the people regarding the hadd for khamr, and Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf said: "Make it the lightest of the punishments, eighty." So Umar lashed eighty, and wrote regarding this to Khalid and Abu Ubaydah in the Levant. It was also narrated