in it, it is not disliked. If it were disliked, this would not have been done in the house of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) for him (18). Based on this, what occurs in a short duration is not disliked, but what occurs in a duration that likely leads to intoxication is disliked. Prohibition is not established as long as it has not fermented (ghala) or three days have not passed.
1606 - Issue: He said: (And if khamr [wine] is corrupted so that it becomes vinegar, it does not lose its prohibited status, but if Allah changes its substance and it becomes vinegar, then it is lawful.)
This has been narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him (1). Al-Zuhri said the same, and Malik’s view is similar to this. Al-Shafi'i said: If something is thrown into it that corrupts it, such as salt, and it turns to vinegar, it remains prohibited. If it is moved from the sun to the shade or from the shade to the sun and it turns to vinegar, there are two opinions regarding its permissibility. Abu Hanifa said: It becomes pure in both cases, because the reason for its prohibition is removed by turning it into vinegar, so it becomes pure, just as if it turned into vinegar on its own. This is supported by the fact that there is no difference in purification between what results from the act of Allah the Exalted and the act of a human, such as the purification of a garment, the body, and the earth. Similar to this is the opinion of 'Ata, 'Amr ibn Dinar, and al-Harith al-'Ukli. Abu al-Khattab mentioned this as a position in our school, stating: If it is turned into vinegar, it does not become pure. It was also said: It does become pure. Our evidence is what Abu Sa'id narrated, saying: We had khamr belonging to an orphan. When the chapter of al-Ma'idah was revealed, I asked the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and said: O Messenger of Allah, it belongs to an orphan? He said: "Pour it out." Reported by al-Tirmidhi (2), who said it is a hassan (good) hadith. From Anas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) was asked: May we turn khamr into vinegar? He said: "No." Al-Tirmidhi said: This is a hassan sahih hadith. It was also reported by Muslim (3). From Abu Talha, that he asked the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) about orphans who inherited khamr? He said: "Pour it out." He said: May I not turn it into vinegar? He said: "No." Reported by Abu Dawud (4). This is a prohibition
(18) Omitted from: B. (1) Reported by Abu 'Ubayd, in: Al-Amwal 104. (2) In: The Chapter of What Has Been Said Concerning the Prohibition for a Muslim to Hand Over Khamr to a Dhimmi..., from the Chapters of Sales. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/267. (3) Reported by Muslim, in: The Chapter of the Prohibition of Turning Khamr into Vinegar, from the Book of Drinks. Sahih Muslim 3/1573. It was also reported by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter of the Prohibition of Turning Khamr into Vinegar, from the Chapters of Sales. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/294. (4) In: The Chapter of What Has Been Said Concerning Khamr That Turns into Vinegar, from the Book of Drinks. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/292, 293. =
فيها لم يُكْرَه، ولو كان مكروهًا لَمَا فُعِلَ هذا في بَيْتِ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- له (١٨). فعلى هذا، لا يُكْرَهُ ما كان في المدَّةِ اليَسِيرَةِ، ويُكْرَه مَا كانَ في مُدَّةٍ يَحْتَمِلُ إفضْاؤُه إلى الإِسْكارِ، ولا يثْبُتُ التَّحْرِيمُ ما لمْ يَغْلِ، أو تَمْضِىَ عليه ثلاثةُ أيَّامٍ.
١٦٠٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَالْخَمْرَةُ إذَا أُفْسِدَتْ، فَصُيِّرَتْ خلًّا، لَمْ تَزُلْ عَنْ تَحْرِيمِهَا، وَإنْ قَلَبَ اللهُ عَيْنَها فَصَارَتْ خَلًّا، فَهِىَ حَلَالٌ)
رُوِىَ هذا عن عمرَ بنِ الخَطَّابِ، رَضِىَ اللَّه عنه (١). وبه قال الزُّهْرِىُّ. ونحوُه قولُ مالِكٍ. وقال الشَّافِعِىُّ: إنْ أُلْقِىَ فيها شيءٌ يُفْسِدُها كالمِلْحِ، فتخَلَّلَتْ، فهى على تَحْريمِها، وإن نُقِلَتْ من شمسٍ إلى ظِلٍّ، أو من ظِلٍّ إلى شمسٍ، فتَخَلَّلَتْ، ففى إباحتِها قَوْلان. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: تَطْهُرُ في الحالَيْن؛ لأنَّ عِلَّةَ تَحْريمِها زالَتْ بتخْلِيلِها فطَهُرَتْ، كما لو تَخَلَّلَتْ بنَفْسِها، يُحَقِّقُه أنَّ التَّطْهِيرَ لا فَرْقَ فيه بينَ ما حَصَلَ بفِعْلِ اللَّه تعالى وفِعْلِ الآدَمِىِّ، كتَطْهيرِ الثَّوَبِ والبَدَنِ والأرضِ. ونحوُ هذا قولُ عَطاءٍ، وعمرِو بنِ دينارٍ، والحارثِ العُكْلِىّ. وذكَره أبو الخَطَّابِ وجهًا في مَذْهَبنا، فقال: وإن خُلِّلَتْ لم تَطْهُرْ. وقِيلَ: تَطْهُرُ. ولَنا، ما رَوَى أبو سعيدٍ، قال: كان عندنا خمرٌ ليَتِيمٍ، فلمَّا نَزَلَتِ المائدةُ، سألتُ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فقلتُ: يا رسولَ اللَّه، إنَّه لَيَتِيمٌ؟ قال: "أَهْرِيقُوهُ". روَاه التِّرْمِذِىُّ (٢)، وقال حديثٌ حَسَنٌ. وعن أنَسٍ قَال: سُئِلَ رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: أنتَّخِذُ الخَمْرَ خَلًّا؟ قال: "لَا". قال التِّرْمِذِىُّ: هذا حديثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. ورواه مُسْلِمٌ (٣). وعن أبي طلْحَةَ، أنَّه سأل النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- عن أيْتامٍ وَرِثُوا خَمْرًا؟ فقال: "أَهْرِقْها". قال: أفلا أُخَلِّلُها؟ قال: "لَا". رَواه أبو داود (٤). وهذا نَهْىٌ
(١٨) سقط من: ب.(١) أخرجه أبو عبيد، في: الأموال ١٠٤.(٢) في: باب ما جاء في النهى للمسلم أن يدفع إلى الذمى الخمر. . ., من أبواب البيوع. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٢٦٧.(٣) أخرجه مسلم، في: باب تحريم تخليل الخمر، من كتاب الأشربة. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٥٧٣.كما أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب النهى أن يتخذ الخمر خلا، من أبواب البيوع. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٢٩٤.(٤) في: باب ما جاء في الخمر تخلل، من كتاب الأشربة. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٩٢، ٢٩٣. =