to His saying: {do not send them back to the disbelievers} (73). The Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "Allah has forbidden the truce regarding women" (74). The woman is separated from the man for three reasons: First, she is not secure from (75) (76) being married (77) to a disbeliever who would deem her lawful, or she being compelled by someone who attains her. To this, Allah the Almighty alluded by His saying: {they are not lawful for them, nor are they lawful for them} (73). Second, she might be tempted away from her religion, for she is weaker in heart and has less knowledge than the man (78). Third, it is not possible for a woman, by custom, to flee and escape, unlike the man. It is not permissible to return young boys who are of sound mind if they come as Muslims, for they are in the same position as the woman in terms of weakness of mind and knowledge, and inability to escape and flee. As for the child whose Islam is not valid, it is permissible to return him because he is not a Muslim.
Section: If a Muslim woman or a young girl requests to leave the company of the disbelievers, it is permissible for any Muslim to bring her out; because it was narrated that when the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) left Mecca, the daughter of Hamza stood on the road. When Ali passed by her, she said: "O son of my uncle, to whom are you leaving me?" So he took her and handed her to Fatimah, until he brought her to Medina (79).
1676 - Issue: He said: (And if the Amir hires a group of people to fight alongside the Muslims for their own benefit, he shall not grant them a share [of the spoils], and they shall be given what they were hired for).
Ahmad stated this in the narration of a group, where he said, in the narration of Abdullah and Hanbal, regarding the Imam who hires a group to enter the land of the enemy with them: He does not grant them a share [of the spoils], and he fulfills what they were hired for. And he said:
(73) Surah al-Mumtahanah, 10. (74) Its documentation has preceded on page 59. (75) Omitted from (A). (76) Omitted from (B). (77) In (A) and (B): "tatazawwaja" (she marries). (78) In (A): "al-rijal" (the men). (79) Narrated by al-Bukhari in: The Chapter on How to Write This Is What So-and-so Son of So-and-so Agreed Upon..., from the Book of Reconciliation, and in: The Chapter on the Compensatory Umrah, from the Book of Military Expeditions. Sahih al-Bukhari 3/242, 5/180. And al-Bayhaqi in: The Chapter on the Violation of the Truce Regarding What Is Not Permissible, Which Is Leaving the Women..., from the Book of Jizya. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 9/228, 229.
إلى قوله: {فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ} (٧٣). وقال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إِنَّ اللَّه مَنَعَ الصُّلْحَ فِى النِّسَاءِ" (٧٤). وتُفارِقُ المرأَةُ الرَّجُلَ من ثَلاثَةِ أَوْجُهٍ؛ أحدُها؛ أنَّها لا تَأْمَنُ من (٧٥) أَنْ (٧٦) تُزَوَّجَ (٧٧) كافِرًا يَسْتَحِلُّها، أو يُكْرِههَا مَنْ يَنالُها، وإِليه أشارَ اللَّه تعالى بقولِه: {لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ} (٧٣). الثانى، أنَّها رُبَّما فُتِنَتْ عن دِينِها؛ لأنَّها أضْعَفُ قَلْبًا، وأقلُّ مَعْرِفَةٌ من الرجل (٧٨). الثالثُ، أَنَّ المرأةَ لا يُمْكِنُها فى العادَةِ الهرَبُ والتَّخَلُّصُ، بخلافِ الرَّجُلِ. ولا يجوزُ رَدُّ الصِّبْيانِ العُقَلاءِ إذا جاءُوا مسلمين؛ لأنَّهم بمنزلَةِ المَرْأةِ فى الضَّعْفِ فى العقلِ والمعرفَةِ، والعجْزِ عن التَّخَلُّصِ والهرَبِ. فأمَّا الطِّفْلُ الذى لا يصِحُّ إسْلامُه، فيجوزُ رَدُّه؛ لأنَّه ليس بمسلمٍ.
فصل: وإذا طَلَبَت امْرأةٌ أو صَبيَّةٌ مُسْلِمَةٌ، الخروجَ من عندِ الكُفَّارِ، جازَ لكلِّ مسلِمٍ إخْراجُها؛ لما رُوِىَ، أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لمَّا خَرَجَ من مكَّة، وقَفَتْ ابْنَةُ حَمْزَةَ على الطريقِ، فلمَّا مَرَّ بها علىٌّ قالَتْ: يا ابْنَ عَمِّ، إلى مَنْ تَدَعُنِى؟ فَتناوَلَها، فدَفَعها إلى فاطِمَةَ، حتَّى قَدِمَ بها المدينةَ (٧٩).
١٦٧٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِذَا اسْتَأْجَرَ الْأَمِيرُ قَوْمًا يَغزُونَ مَع الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِمَنَافِعِهمْ، لَمْ يُسْهِمْ لَهُمْ، وأُعْطُوا مَا اسْتُؤْجِرُوا بِهِ)
نصَّ أحمدُ على هذا، فى رِوايةِ جماعةٍ، فقال، فى رِوايَةِ عبدِ اللَّه وحَنْبَلٍ، فى الإِمامِ يسْتأجِرُ قومًا يدْخُلُ بهم بلادَ العَدُوِّ: لا يُسْهِمُ لهم، ويُوفِى لهم بما اسْتُؤْجِرُوا عليه. وقال
(٧٣) سورة الممتحنة ١٠.(٧٤) تقدم تخريجه، فى صفحة ٥٩.(٧٥) سقط من: أ.(٧٦) سقط من: ب.(٧٧) فى أ، ب: "تتزوج".(٧٨) فى أ: "الرجال".(٧٩) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب كيف يكتب هذا ما صالح عليه فلان بن فلان. . .، من كتاب الصلح، وفى: باب عمرة القضاء، من كتاب المغازى. صحيح البخارى ٣/ ٢٤٢، ٥/ ١٨٠. والبيهقى، فى: باب نقض الصلح فيما لا يجوز وهو ترك النساء. . .، من كتاب الجزية. السنن الكبرى ٩/ ٢٢٨، ٢٢٩.
