Book of Hunting and Slaughters
The fundamental basis for the permissibility of hunting is the Book (Quran), the Sunnah, and the consensus (ijma'). As for the Book, it is the saying of Allah the Exalted: {Lawful to you is game from the sea and its food as provision for you and the travelers, but forbidden to you is game from the land as long as you are in the state of ihram} (1). And He, the Glorified, said: {But when you are out of ihram, then hunt} (2). And He, the Glorified, said: {They ask you, 'What has been made lawful for them?' Say, 'Lawful for you are [all] good foods, and [what] you have trained of hunting animals, training them as Allah has taught you. So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allah upon it'} (3). As for the Sunnah, Abu Tha'laba al-Khushani narrated, saying: I came to the Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - and said: O Messenger of Allah, we are in a land of hunting; I hunt with my bow, I hunt with my trained dog, [and I hunt with my dog that is not trained, so inform me what is permissible for me? He said: "As for what you mentioned that you are in a land of hunting, then whatever you hunt with your bow], (4) and you mention the name of Allah upon it, then eat; and whatever you hunt with your dog [that is trained, and you mention the name of Allah upon it, then eat; and whatever you hunt with your dog] (4) that is not trained, and you catch its slaughter (dhibaha), then eat" (5). And from 'Adi ibn Hatim, he said: I said: O Messenger of Allah, we send (6) the dog
(1) Surah al-Ma'idah: 96. (2) Surah al-Ma'idah: 2. (3) Surah al-Ma'idah: 4. (4) Omitted from: B. (5) Recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on Hunting with a Bow, the Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding Hunting, and the Chapter on the Utensils of the Magians, from the Book of Slaughters and Hunting. Sahih al-Bukhari 7/111, 112, 114, 117. And Muslim, in: The Chapter on Hunting with Trained Dogs, from the Book of Hunting and Slaughters. Sahih Muslim 3/1532. And al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding What Is Eaten of the Dog's Game and What Is Not Eaten, and the Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding a Dog Eating from the Game, from the Chapters of Hunting. And in: The Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding Eating in the Utensils of the Disbelievers, from the Chapters of Foods. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/252, 257, 258, 7/299. And al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on the Command to Mention the Name of Allah During Hunting, the Chapter on Hunting with a Dog That Is Not Trained, and the Chapter on the Dog Eating from the Game, from the Book of Hunting and Slaughters. Al-Mujtaba 7/158, 159, 162. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on Hunting with a Dog, from the Book of Hunting. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1069, 1070. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 4/193-195, 257, 379. (6) In M: "send/sent".
كتاب الصَّيْدِ والذَّبائِح
الأصْلُ فى إباحَةِ الصَّيْدِ، الكتابُ والسُّنَّةُ والإِجماعُ، أمَّا الكتابُ: فقَوْلُ اللَّه تعالى: {أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَحْرِ وَطَعَامُهُ مَتَاعًا لَكُمْ وَلِلسَّيَّارَةِ وَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَرِّ مَا دُمْتُمْ حُرُمًا} (١). وقال سبحانه: {وَإِذَا حَلَلْتُمْ فَاصْطَادُوا} (٢). وقال سبحانَه: {يَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا أُحِلَّ لَهُمْ قُلْ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ اللَّهُ فَكُلُوا مِمَّا أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَاذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ} (٣). وأمَّا السُّنَّةُ، فرَوَى أبو ثَعْلَبَةَ الخُشَنِىُّ، قال: أَتَيْتُ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- فقُلْتُ: يا رسولَ اللَّه إنَّا بِأرْضِ صَيْدٍ، أصيدُ بقَوْسِى، وأَصِيدُ بِكَلْبِى الْمُعَلَّمِ، [وأَصِيدُ بكَلْبِى الذى ليس بمُعَلَّمٍ، فأَخْبِرْنِى ماذا يَصْلُح لى؟ قال: "أمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكُمْ بأرْضِ صَيْدٍ، فمَا صِدْتَ بقَوْسِكَ] (٤)، وذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ، فَكُل، ومَا صِدْتَ بِكَلْبِكَ [الْمُعَلَّمِ، وذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللَّه عَلَيْهِ، فَكُلْ، ومَا صِدْتَ بكَلْبِك] (٤) الَّذِى لَيْسَ بِمُعَلَّمٍ، فأدْرَكْتَ ذَكَاتَه، فَكُلْ" (٥). وعن عَدِىٍّ بن حاتِمٍ، قال: قُلْتُ: يا رسولَ اللَّه، إنَّا نُرْسِلُ (٦) الكلبَ
(١) سورة المائدة ٩٦.(٢) سورة المائدة ٢.(٣) سورة المائدة ٤.(٤) سقط من: ب.(٥) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب صيد القوس، وباب ما جاء فى التصيد، وباب آنية المجوس، من كتاب الذبائح والصيد. صحيح البخارى ٧/ ١١١، ١١٢، ١١٤، ١١٧. ومسلم، فى: باب الصيد بالكلاب المعلمة، من كتاب الصيد والذبائح. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٥٣٢. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء ما يؤكل من صيد الكلب ومالا يؤكل، وباب ما جاء فى الكلب يأكل من الصيد، من أبواب الصيد. وفى: باب ما جاء فى الأكل فى آنية الكفار، من أبواب الأطعمة. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٢٥٢، ٢٥٧، ٢٥٨، ٧/ ٢٩٩. والنسائى، فى: باب الأمر بالتسمية عند الصيد، وباب صيد الكلب الذى ليس بمعلم، وباب الكلب يأكل من الصيد، من كتاب الصيد والذبائح. المجتبى ٧/ ١٥٨، ١٥٩، ١٦٢. وابن ماجه، فى: باب صيد الكلب، من كتاب الصيد. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٠٦٩، ١٠٧٠. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ١٩٣ - ١٩٥، ٢٥٧، ٣٧٩.(٦) فى م: "رسل".
