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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 13 · Page 261

Translation · EN

His saying - peace be upon him -: "There are two situations in which I am not mentioned: at the time of slaughtering, and (at the time of) sneezing." Recorded by Abu Muhammad al-Khallal with his isnad (25), and because when he mentions someone other than Allah the Exalted, it resembles one who invokes for other than Allah. The third condition is that he releases the hunting animal towards the prey; if it goes off on its own and kills, it is not permitted. This is the opinion of Rabi'ah, Malik, al-Shafi'i, Abu Thawr, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). Ata' and al-Awza'i said: Its prey is eaten if he took it out for hunting. Ishaq said: If he says the Tasmiyah when it escapes, its prey is permitted. He narrated with his isnad from Ibn Umar, that he was asked about dogs [escaping from their enclosures] (26) and then catching prey? He said: "Mention the name of Allah, and eat." Ishaq said: This is what I choose if (27) he did not intend to release it without mentioning the name of Allah upon it. Al-Khallal said: This follows the meaning of Abu Abd Allah's statement. As for our evidence, it is the saying of the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace -: "If you release your dog, and mention the name of Allah, then eat." And because releasing the hunting animal is placed in the position of slaughtering, which is why the Tasmiyah is considered alongside it. If it went off on its own, but its owner mentioned the name of Allah and urged it on, and it increased its speed, its prey is permitted. Abu Hanifa held this view. Al-Shafi'i said: It is not permitted. From Malik (28), there are two versions similar to these two opinions. As for our evidence, its being urged on had an effect on its speed, so it became as if he had released it; this is because whenever a human action is added to the action of another, the consideration is given to the human's action, as evidenced by the case where a dog attacks a person, and a human incites it, then the liability is upon the one who incited it. If (29) he released it without Tasmiyah, then he mentioned the name of Allah and urged it on, and it increased in speed, the apparent statement of Ahmad is that it is permitted; for he said: "If it is released, then he mentions the name of Allah and it is urged on, or he releases it and mentions the name of Allah, the meaning is nearly the same." The implication of this is permissibility; because it was urged on by his Tasmiyah and his commanding it, so it resembles the previous case. Al-Qadi said: Its prey is not permitted; because the ruling is linked (30) to the first release, unlike the case when it goes off on its own, for then no

Notes

(25) Al-Bayhaqi recorded something similar in: The Chapter on Invoking Blessings upon the Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - at the time of slaughtering, from the Book of Sacrificial Animals. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 9/286. (26) In manuscript (B): "escaping from their enclosures." (27) Omitted from: (M). (28) In manuscripts (B) and (M): "Ata'." (29) In manuscripts (A) and (B): "And from." (30) In manuscript (M): "is linked."

Arabic (Source)

قَوْلُه عليه السلام: "مَوْطِنَانِ لَا أُذْكَرُ فِيهمَا؛ عِنْدَ الذَّبيحَةِ، والعُطَاسِ". رواه أبو محمَّد الخَلَّالُ بإسْنادِه (٢٥)، ولأنَّه إذا ذَكَرَ غيرَ اللَّهِ تعالَى أَشْبَهَ المُهِلَّ لغيرِ اللَّهِ. الشَّرط الثالِثُ، أَنْ يُرْسِلَ الجارِحَةَ على الصَّيْدِ، فإنَّ اسْتَرْسَلَت بنَفْسِها فقَتَلَت، لم يُبَحْ. وبهذا قال ربيعَةُ، ومالكٌ، والشافِعِىُّ، وأبو ثَوْرٍ، وأصْحابُ الرَّأْىِ. وقال عَطاءٌ، والأوْزَاعِىُّ: يُؤْكَلُ صَيْدُه إذا أَخْرَجَه للصَّيْدِ. وقال إسحاقُ: إذا سَمَّى عند انْفِلَاتِه، أُبِيحَ صَيْدُه. ورَوَى بإسْنادِه عَن ابنِ عمرَ، أنَّه سُئِلَ عن الكلابِ [تَنْفَلِتُ من مرابِضِها] (٢٦) فتَصِيدُ الصَّيْدَ؟ قال: اذكُرَ اسْم اللَّه، وكُلْ. قال إسحاقُ: فهذا الذى أخْتارُ إن (٢٧) لم يتَعمَّدْ هو إرْسالَه من غير ذِكْرِ اسْمِ اللَّه عليه. قال الخَلَّالُ: هذا على مَعْنَى قولِ أبى عبد اللَّه. ولَنا، قولُ النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إذا أرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ، وسَمَّيْتَ، فكُلْ". ولأَنَّ إرسالَ الجارِحَةِ جُعِلَ بمنزِتةِ الذَّبْحِ، ولهذا اعْتُبِرَت التَّسْمِيَةُ معه، وإن استرسلَ بنَفْسِه فسمَّى صاحِبُه وزَجَرَه، فزادَ فى عَدْوِه، أُبِيحَ صَيْدُه. وبه قال أبو حنيفة. وقال الشافِعِىُّ: لا يباحُ. وعن مالكٍ (٢٨) كالمَذْهَبَيْن. ولَنا، أَنَّ زَجْرَه أثَّرَ فى عَدْوِه، فصارَ كما لو أُرسَلَه؛ وذلك لأنَّ فعلَ الإِنسانِ متى انْضافَ إلى فعلِ غيرِه، فالاعْتبارُ بفِعْلِ الإِنْسانِ، بدَليلِ ما لَوْ صالَ الكلبُ على إِنسانٍ، فأغْراه إنسانٌ، فالضمانُ على مَنْ أَغْراهُ. وإِنْ (٢٩) أرْسَلَه بغيرِ تَسْمِيَةٍ، ثم سمَّى وزجَره، فزادَ فى عَدْوِه، فظاهِرُ كلامِ أحمد أنَّه يُباحُ؛ فإنَّه قال: إذا أُرسلَ، ثم سَمَّى فانْزَجرَ، أو أَرسلَ وسمَّى، فالمعنى قريبٌ من السَّواء. وظاهِرُ هذا الإِباحَةُ؛ لأنَّه انْزَجَرَ بتَسْمِيَتِه وزجْرِه، فأشْبَهَ التى قبلَها. وقال القاضى: لا يُباحُ صَيْدُه؛ لأنَّ الحكم يُعَلَّقُ (٣٠) بالإِرْسالِ الأوَّل، بخلافِ ما إذا اسْتَرْسلَ بنَفْسِه، فإنَّه لا

Notes

(٢٥) وأخرج البيهقى نحوه، فى: باب الصلاة على رسول اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- عند الذبيحة، من كتاب الضحايا. السنن الكبرى ٩/ ٢٨٦.(٢٦) فى ب: "تفلت من مرابطها".(٢٧) سقط من: م.(٢٨) فى ب، م: "عطاء".(٢٩) فى أ، ب: "ومن".(٣٠) فى م: "يتعلق".

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