The Exalted said, He has forbidden the animal killed by a blow, and this is similar; this specifies what they mentioned. The statement of the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace -: "Whatever causes blood to flow and the name of Allah is mentioned over it (48), eat" (49), indicates that it is not permitted if it does not cause blood to flow. The seventh condition is that he must release it upon game; if he releases it while he does not see anything, nor is he aware of anything, and it strikes game, it is not permitted. This is the opinion of the majority of scholars, because he did not release it upon the game, rather it ran on its own. Likewise, if he shoots an arrow at a target and it strikes game, or he shoots it above his head and it falls onto game and kills it, it is not permitted, because he did not intend a specific target with his shooting, so it is like someone who sets up a knife and a sheep is slaughtered by it.
Section: Everything that accepts training and can be used for hunting among predatory animals, such as the leopard or birds of prey, its ruling is the ruling of the dog in the permissibility of its catch. Ibn Abbas said regarding the saying of the Almighty: {And of the hunting animals which you have trained}: They are trained dogs, every bird trained for hunting, leopards, falcons, and their likes. Taws, Makhul ibn Abi Kathir, al-Hasan, Malik, al-Thawri, Abu Hanifa, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, al-Shafi'i, and Abu Thawr spoke in accordance with this meaning. It was narrated from Ibn Umar and Mujahid that hunting is not permitted except with a dog, due to the saying of Allah the Almighty: {And of the hunting animals which you have trained as mukallibīn}. Meaning you have trained them like dogs. Our evidence is what was narrated from 'Adi, who said: I asked the Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - about the hunting of the falcon; he said: "If it catches it for you, then eat" (50). And because it is a predator usually hunted with, and it accepts training, so it is like a dog. As for the verse, the jawarih (hunting animals) are the earners. {And He knows what you have earned by day} (51). Meaning what you have earned. And such-and-such is the jarihah (earner) of his family, meaning their provider. {Mukallibīn} comes from taklib, which is incitement.
(48) Omitted from (M). (49) Narrated by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on the Division of Spoils, and the Chapter on whoever deems ten equal, from the Book of Partnership; and in: The Chapter on what is disliked of slaughtering camels and sheep in spoils of war, from the Book of Jihad; and in: The Chapter on Mentioning the Name of Allah over the Sacrificial Animal and whoever leaves it intentionally, and the Chapter on what causes blood to flow, from the Book of Slaughter and Hunting. Sahih al-Bukhari 3/181, 186, 4/91, 7/118, 119. And Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on Slaughtering with a Flint, from the Book of Sacrifices. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/91, 92. And al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on what has been narrated concerning slaughter with a reed or otherwise, from the Chapters of Hunting. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/286. And al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on the Prohibition of Slaughtering with a Nail, and the Chapter on Slaughtering with a Tooth, and the Chapter on the Escaped Animal that cannot be caught, from the Book of Sacrifices. al-Mujtaba 7/199, 201. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on what is used for lawful slaughter, from the Book of Slaughter. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1061. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 3/463, 464, 4/140, 142. (50) Narrated by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on Hunting, from the Book of Hunting. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/98. And al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on what has been narrated regarding the hunting of falcons, from the Chapters of Hunting. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/255. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 4/257.
تعالى حَرَّمَ المَوْقُوذَةَ، وهذا كذلك، وهذا يَخُصُّ ما ذكرُوه، وقولُ النبىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "مَا أَنْهَرَ الدَّمَ، وذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ (٤٨)، فَكُلْ" (٤٩). يَدُلُّ على أنَّه لا يُباحُ ما لَمْ يُنْهِرِ الدَّمَ. الشرطُ السابعُ، أَنْ يُرْسِلَهُ على صَيْدٍ، فإنْ أرْسَلَه وهو لا يَرَى شيئًا، ولا يُحِسُّ به، فأصابَ صَيْدًا، لم يُبَحْ. وهذا قولُ أكثر أهلِ العلمِ؛ لأنَّه لم يُرْسِلْه على الصَّيدِ، وإنَّما اسْتَرْسَلَ بنفْسِه. وهكذا إنْ رَمَى سَهْمًا إلى غَرَضٍ، فأصابَ صَيْدًا، أو رَمَى به إلى فوقِ رَأْسِه فوقَعَ على صَيْدٍ فقَتَلَه، لم يُبَحْ؛ لأنَّه لم يقْصِدْ برَمْيِه عَيْنًا، فأشْبَهَ مَنْ نصَبَ سِكِّينًا، فانْذَبَحَت بها شاةٌ.
فصل: وكُلُّ ما يَقْبَلُ التَّعْليمَ، ويُمْكِنُ الاصْطِيادُ به من سباعِ البهائِمِ، كالفَهْدِ، أو جَوارِح الطَّيْرِ، فحُكْمُه حُكْمُ الكَلْبِ فى إباحَةِ صَيْدِه. قال ابنُ عبّاسٍ، فى قولِه تعالى: {وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ}: هى الكلابُ المُعَلَّمةُ، كلُّ طير تَعلَّمَ الصَّيْدِ، والفُهُودُ والصُّقُورُ وأشباهُها. وبمعنى هذا قال طاوُسٌ، ويحمى بن أبى كَثِيرٍ، والحَسَنُ، ومالِكُ، والثَّورِىُّ، وأبو حنيفةَ، ومحمدُ بن الحَسَنِ، والشافِعِىُّ، وأبو ثَوْرٍ. وحُكِىَ عن ابن عمرَ، ومُجاهِدٍ، أنَّه لا يجوزُ الصَّيْدُ إلَّا بالكَلْبِ؛ لقَولِ اللَّه تعالى: {وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ}. يعنى كَلَّبْتُم من الكلابِ. ولَنا، ما رُوِىَ عن عدِىٍّ، قال: سَأَلْتُ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- عن صَيْدِ البَازِىِّ؛ فقال: "إذا أُمسَكَ عَلَيْكَ، فَكُلْ" (٥٠). ولأنَّه جارِحٌ يُصادُ
(٤٨) سقط من: م.(٤٩) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب قسمة الغنم، وباب من عدل عشرا، من كتاب الشركة، وفى: باب ما يكره من ذبح الإبل والغنم فى المغانم، من كتاب الجهاد، وفى: باب التسمية على الذبيحة ومن ترك متعمدا، وباب ما أنهر الدم، من كتاب الذبائح والصيد. صحيح البخارى ٣/ ١٨١، ١٨٦، ٤/ ٩١، ٧/ ١١٨، ١١٩. وأبو داود، فى: باب فى الذبيحة بالمروة، من كتاب الأضاحى. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٩١، ٩٢. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى الذكاة بالقصب وغيره، من أبواب الصيد. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٢٨٦. والنسائى، فى: باب النهى عن الذبح بالظفر، وباب فى الذبح بالسن، وباب المنفلتة التى لا يقدر على أخذها، من كتاب الضحايا. المجتبى ٧/ ١٩٩، ٢٠١. وابن ماجه، فى: باب ما يذكى به، من كتاب الذبائح. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٠٦١. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٣/ ٤٦٣، ٤٦٤، ٤/ ١٤٠، ١٤٢.(٥٠) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى الصيد، من كتاب الصيد. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٩٨. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى صبد البزاة، من أبواب الصيد. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٢٥٥. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٢٥٧.