and the cockroach (banat wardan), beetles, mice, geckos (awzag), chameleons, lizards (al-'idah), sand lizards (jaradhin), scorpions, and snakes. This is the position of Abu Hanifah and al-Shafi'i. Malik, Ibn Abi Layla, and al-Awza'i granted permission for all of these, except for geckos, as Ibn 'Abd al-Barr stated that there is consensus on their prohibition. Malik said: 'The snake is lawful if it is slaughtered according to the rules of ritual slaughter (dhakiyyah).' They cited the general nature of the verse that permits [things]. Our evidence is His saying, may He be exalted: 'And He forbids them the impure things,' and the saying of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace): 'Five are fasiq (harmful/vicious creatures) that may be killed in the state of ihram and outside of it: the scorpion, the mouse, the crow, the kite, and the biting dog.' In another narration, it says 'the snake' in place of 'the mouse.' If it were among the lawful game (sayd), it would not be permitted to kill it, and this is because Allah the Almighty said: 'Do not kill game while you are in the state of ihram' [Qur'an 5:95], and He said: 'Lawful to you is game from the sea and its food as a provision for you and the travelers, but forbidden to you is game of the land as long as you are in the state of ihram' [Qur'an 5:96]. Moreover, it is considered impure (mustakhbathah), so it is forbidden, like the gecko, or it has been commanded to be killed, so it resembles the gecko.
Section: The hedgehog is forbidden. Abu Hurayrah said: 'It is forbidden.' Malik and Abu Hanifah disliked it. Al-Shafi'i, al-Layth, and Abu Thawr permitted it. Our evidence is that Abu Hurayrah said: 'The hedgehog was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), and he said: 'It is an impure thing among the impure things.'' Narrated by Abu Dawud. Also, because it resembles forbidden things and eats insects, it is similar to the field mouse (juradh).
1736 - Issue: He said: (And by the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), the domestic donkeys [are forbidden]).
Most scholars of knowledge hold the view that domestic donkeys are forbidden. Ahmad said: 'Fifteen of the companions of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) disliked them.'
= in: The Chapter on eating cheese and butter, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1117. (10) In the original, B, and M: "and the lizards (al-'idah)". The 'adha'ah is a lizard. (11) In M: "this". (12) Its verification has preceded in: 5/115, 116. (13) Surah al-Ma'idah 95. (14) Surah al-Ma'idah 96. (15) Dropped from: B. (16) In: The Chapter on eating insects of the earth, from the Book of Foods. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/318, 319. It was also recorded by Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 2/381.
وبناتِ وَرْدَان، والْخَنافِسِ، والفَأْرِ، والأَوْزاغِ، والْحِرْباءِ، والعِظَاةِ (١٠)، والجَراذِينِ، والعَقارِبِ، والحَيَّاتِ. وبهذا قال أبو حنيفةَ، والشافِعِىُّ. ورَخَّصَ مالِكٌ، وابنُ أبى لَيْلَى، والأَوْزَاعِىُّ، فى ذلك (١١) كُلِّه، إلَّا الأَوْزاغَ، فإنَّ ابن عبدِ البَرِّ قال: هو مُجْمَعٌ على تَحْرِيمِه. وقال مالِكٌ: الحَيَّةُ حَلالٌ إذا ذُكِّيَتْ. واحْتَجُّوا بعُمومِ الآيَةِ المُبِيحَةِ. ولَنا، قولُه تعالى: {وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَائِثَ} وقولُ النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "خَمْسٌ فَواسِقُ، يُقْتَلْنَ فِى الْحِلِّ والْحَرَمِ؛ الْعَقْرَبُ، والفَأرَةُ، والغُرابُ، والحِدَأَةُ، والكَلْبُ العَقُورُ" (١٢). وفى حديثٍ: "الحيّةُ" مكان: "الفَأرَة". ولو كانتْ مِن الصَّيْد المُباحِ، لم يُبَحْ قَتْلُها، ولأنَّ اللَّهَ تعالى قال: {لَا تَقْتُلُوا الصَّيْدَ وَأَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ} (١٣). وقال: {وَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَرِّ مَا دُمْتُمْ حُرُمًا} (١٤). ولأنّها مُسْتَخْبَثَةٌ، فحُرِّمَتْ (١٥)، كالوزَغِ، أو مأْمورٌ بقَتْلِها، فأشْبَهَت الوَزَغَ.
فصل: والقُنْفُذُ حَرامٌ. قال أبو هُرَيْرَة: هو حَرامٌ. وكرِهَهُ مالِكٌ، وأبو حَنِيفَةَ. ورَخَّصَ فيه الشافِعِىُّ، واللَّيْثُ، وأبو ثَورٍ. ولَنا، أَنَّ أبا هُرَيْرَةَ قال: ذُكِرَ القُنْفُذُ لرسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فقال: "هُوَ خَبِيثٌ مِنَ الْخَبَائِثِ". روَاه أبو داود (١٦). ولأنَّه يُشْبِهُ المُحرَّمات، ويأكلُ الحَشَراتِ، فأَشْبه الجُرَذَ.
١٧٣٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وبِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- الْحُمُرُ الْأَهْلِيَّةُ)
أكثرُ أهلِ العلمِ يَرَوْنَ تَحْريمَ الْحُمُرِ الأَهلِيَّةِ. قال أحمدُ: خمسةَ عشرَ من أصْحابِ
= فى: باب أكل الجبن والسمن، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١١١٧.(١٠) فى الأصل، ب، م: "والعضاة". والعظاءة: السحلية.(١١) فى م: "هذا".(١٢) تقدم تخريجه، فى: ٥/ ١١٥، ١١٦.(١٣) سورة المائدة ٩٥.(١٤) سورة المائدة ٩٦.(١٥) سقط من: ب.(١٦) فى: باب فى أكل حشرات الأرض، من كتاب الأطعمة. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٣١٨، ٣١٩.كما أخرجه الإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٢/ ٣٨١.
