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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 13 · Page 351630 - Issue: He said: (No women should accompany the Muslims to enemy territory except for elderly women, for the purpose of providing water and treating the wounded, as the Prophet—peace be upon him—did.)

Translation · EN

therein. And if the mobilization order comes while the Imam is preaching on Friday, do you not think they should mobilize? He said: And the cavalry should not mobilize except for a reality, and they should not mobilize for a slave if he runs away, as if they mobilize for them, then the destruction of the people should not occur due to a slave. And if the Imam calls out, 'As-salat al-jami'ah' (the prayer is communal) for an event that occurs, for which he seeks consultation, no one should hold back from him except for an excuse.

1630 - Issue; He said: (And none of the women shall enter with the Muslims into the land of the enemy, except the advanced in age, for the purpose of drawing water and treating the wounded, just as the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - did.)

The sum of it is that it is disliked for young women to enter the land of the enemy because they are not among the people of combat, and there is little benefit to be gained from them therein due to the prevalence of timidity and fear among them, and it is not safe that the enemy may overpower them, thus making lawful what Allah has forbidden of them. Hashraj ibn Ziyad reported from his grandmother, the mother of his father, that she went out with the Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - in the expedition of Khaybar among a group of six women. The Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - was informed, so he sent for us and we came, and we saw anger in him. He said: "With whom did you go out?" We said: "O Messenger of Allah, we went out to spin wool and help with it in the path of Allah, and we have medicine with us for the wounded, and we hand out arrows and provide sawiq (a drink made from grain)." He said: "Stand up." Until, when Allah granted the conquest of Khaybar, he gave us a share, just as he gave to the men. I said to her: "O grandmother, what was it?" She said: "Dates (1)." It was said to al-Awza'i: "Did they used to go out on military campaigns with them with women during the summer raids (2)?" He said: "No, except for slave girls." As for the woman who is advanced in age, meaning elderly, if there is benefit in her, such as drawing water and treating the wounded, then there is no harm in it, due to the report we narrated. Umm Sulaym and Nusaybah bint Ka'b used to go on campaigns with the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace. As for Nusaybah, she used to fight, and her hand was severed on the day of al-Yamamah (3). Al-Rubayyi' said: "We used to go on campaigns with the Prophet - may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to draw water and treat the wounded (4)." And Anas said: The Messenger of Allah - may Allah bless him and grant him peace -

Notes

(1) Recorded by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on the woman and the slave receiving a portion of the spoils, from the Book of Jihad. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/68. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 5/271, 6/371. (2) As-Sawa'if: The military expeditions that take place in the summer. (3) See the report of Umm Sulaym: the hadith of Anas that follows, and regarding her with Nusaybah and others: Al-Maghazi, by al-Waqidi 2/685 in the expedition of Khaybar, and for the report of Nusaybah at al-Yamamah: Al-Maghazi 1/268, 269, and Al-Isabah 8/140. (4) The hadith of al-Rubayyi' bint Mu'awwidh, recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on women treating the wounded during military campaigns, and The Chapter on returning the wounded women =

Arabic (Source)

فيها، وإذا جاءَ النّفيرُ والإِمامُ يخْطُبُ يومَ الجُمُعَةِ، لا تَرَى أن ينْفِرُوا؟ قال: ولا تنْفِرُ الخَيْلُ إلَّا على حقيقةٍ، ولا تنفِرُ على الغلامِ إذا أبَقَ إذا أنْفَرُوهم، فلا يكون هَلاكُ النَّاسِ بسَبَبِ غلامٍ، وإذا نادَى الإِمامُ: الصلاةَ جامعةً. لأَمْرٍ يحْدُثُ، فيُشاوِرُ فيه، لم يتخَلَّفْ عنه أحَدٌ إلَّا مِنْ عُذْرٍ.

١٦٣٠ - مسألة؛ قال: (ولَا يَدْخُلُ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إلَى أرْضِ العَدُوِّ إلَّا الطَّاعِنَةُ فِي السِّنِّ، لِسَقْىِ الْمَاءِ، ومُعَالَجَةِ الجَرْحَى، كَمَا فَعَلَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-)

وجملتُه أنَّه يُكْرَه دخولُ النِّساءِ الشَّوابِّ أرْضَ العَدُوِّ؛ لأنَّهُنَّ لَسْنَ من أهلِ القِتالِ، وقَلَّما يُنْتَفَعُ بِهنَّ فيه، لاسْتِيلاءِ الخَوَر والجُبْن عليهنَّ، ولا يُؤْمَنُ ظَفَرُ العَدُوِّ بهِنَّ، فيَسْتَحِلُّونَ ما حرَّمَ اللهُ منهنَّ، وفد رَوَى حَشْرَجُ بن زِيادٍ، عن جَدَّتِه أُمِّ أبِيه، أنَّها خَرَجَتْ مع رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- في غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرْ سادِسَةَ سِتِّ نِسْوَةٍ، فِبَلَغَ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- فبَعَثَ إلَيْنا، فجئْنا، فَرَأَيْنا منه الغَضَبَ، فقال: "مَعَ مَنْ خَرَجْتُنَّ؟ " فقُلْنا: يا رسولَ اللهِ، خَرَجْنا نَغْزِلُ الشَّعَرَ، ونُعِينُ به في سبيلِ اللَّه، ومعَنا دَواءٌ للجَرْحَى، ونُنَاوِلُ السِّهامَ، ونَسْقِى السَّويقَ. فقال: "قُمْنَ". حتَّى إذا فَتَحَ اللَّه خَيْبَرَ، أَسْهَمَ لنا، كما أَسْهَمَ للرجالِ، فقُلْتُ لها: يا جدَّةُ، ما كان ذلك؟ قالت: تَمْرًا (١). قيل للأوْزاعِىِّ: هل كانُوا يَغْزُون معهم بالنِّساءِ في الصَّوائِفِ (٢)؟ قال: لا إلَّا بالْجوارِى. فأمَّا المرأَةُ الطَّاعِنَةُ في السِّنِّ، وهى الكَبِيرةُ، إذا كان فيها نفْعٌ، مثلَ سَقْىِ الماءِ، ومُعالَجَةِ الجَرْحَى، فلا بَأْسَ به؛ لما رَوَيْنا من الخَبَر، وكانت أمُّ سُلَيم، ونَسِيبَةُ بنْتُ كَعْبٍ، تَغْزُوانِ مع النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- فأمَّا نَسِيبةُ فكانَت تُقاتِلُ، وقُطِعتْ يَدُها يومَ اليَمامةِ (٣). وقالت الرُّبَيِّعُ: كُنَّا نَغْزُو مع النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، لِسَقْىِ الماءِ، ومُعالَجةِ الجَرْحَى (٤). وقال أنَسٌ: كان رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-

Notes

(١) أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في المرأة والعبد يحذيان من الغنيمة، من كتاب الجهاد. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٦٨. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٥/ ٢٧١، ٦/ ٣٧١.(٢) الصوائف: الغزوات التي تقع في الصيف.(٣) انظر لخبر أم سليم: حديث أنس الآتي، ولها مع نسيبة وغيرها: المغازى، للواقدى ٢/ ٦٨٥ في غزوة خيبر، ولخبر نسيبة في اليمامة: المغازى ١/ ٢٦٨، ٢٦٩، والإصابة ٨/ ١٤٠.(٤) حديث الربيع بنت معوذ، أخرجه البخاري، في: باب مداواة النساء الجرحى في الغزو، وباب رد النساء الجرحى =

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