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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 13 · Page 372Section

Translation · EN

Section: A jamma' (hornless) animal is valid, which is one that was not created with horns; as is a sam'a' (small-eared) animal, which is one with small ears; and a batra' (tailless) animal, which is one without a tail, whether by nature or by amputation. Among those who saw no harm in the batra' are Ibn 'Umar, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, al-Hasan, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, al-Nakha'i, and al-Hakam. Al-Layth disliked sacrificing a batra' if more than the base of the tail was removed. Ibn Hamid said: It is not permissible to sacrifice a jamma' because since the removal of more than half of the horn prevents validity, the removal of the entire horn is even more appropriate. Furthermore, because what is prevented by 'awar (one-eyedness) is also prevented by 'ama (blindness), so too what is prevented by 'adab (mutilation of the ear/horn) is even more appropriately prevented by being jamma'. Our position is that this is a deficiency that does not diminish the meat, nor does it affect the intended purpose, and no prohibition has been reported regarding it; therefore, it must be valid. It differs from 'adab, as the prohibition regarding it is established, and it is a defect; it may bleed and cause pain to the sheep, making it like its sickness, and it disfigures its appearance. This is unlike the ajamm, which is a natural state and is neither a sickness nor a defect, although it is superior to have a complete creature, for the Prophet (peace be upon him) sacrificed a ram that was horned and fahl (virile/ram in its prime). He said, "The best sacrifice is the horned ram," and he ordered us to inspect the eye and the ear.

Section: It is disliked (makruh) to sacrifice an animal with a split ear, a perforated one, or one from which a portion has been cut, based on what was narrated from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commanded us to inspect the eye and the ear and not to sacrifice an animal with a muqabala, a mudabira, a kharqa', or a sharqa'. Zuhayr said: I asked Abu Ishaq, "What is the muqabala?" He said, "The tip of the ear is cut." I asked, "What is the mudabira?" He said, "It is cut from the back of the ear." I asked, "What is the kharqa'?" He said, "The ear is split." I asked, "What is the sharqa'?" He said, "Its ear is split by a mark."

Notes

(18) Omitted from: The original. (19) In [M]: "adma". (20) In [M]: "muhil". This is a distortion. It was recorded by Abu Dawud in: Chapter on what is recommended regarding sacrifices, from the Book of Sacrifices. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/86. Al-Tirmidhi in: Chapter on what has been narrated regarding what is recommended for sacrifices, from the chapters on sacrifices. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/293. Al-Nasa'i in: Chapter on the ram, from the Book of Sacrifices. Al-Mujtaba 7/195. Ibn Majah in: Chapter on what is recommended regarding sacrifices, from the Book of Sacrifices. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1046. (21) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in: Chapter on what has been narrated to us by Salama ibn Shabib..., from the chapters on sacrifices. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/317. And Ibn Majah in: Chapter on what is recommended regarding sacrifices, from the Book of Sacrifices. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1046.

Arabic (Source)

فصل: وتُجْزِئ الْجَمَّاءُ، وهى التى لم يُخْلَقْ لها قَرْنٌ، والصَّمْعاءُ، وهى الصَّغِيرَةُ الأُذُنِ، والبَتْراءُ، وهى التى لا ذَنَبَ لها، سواءٌ كان خِلْقَةً أو مَقْطوعًا. وممَّنْ لم يرَ بأْسًا بالبَتْراءِ ابنُ عمرَ، وسعيدُ بنُ المُسَيَّبِ، والحسنُ، وسعيدُ بن جُبَيْرٍ، والنَّخَعِىُّ، والحَكَمُ. وكَرِهَ اللَّيْثُ أَنْ يُضَحَّى بالبَتْراءِ ما فوقَ الْقَصَبَةِ. وقال ابنُ حامِدٍ: لا تجوزُ التَّضْحِيَةُ بالجَمَّاءِ؛ لأنَّ ذهابَ أكثرَ من نِصْفِ القَرْنِ يَمْنَعُ، فذَهابُ جميعِه. أَوْلَى، ولأنَّ ما مَنَعَ منه العَوَرُ، مَنَعَ منه العَمَى، فكذلك ما مَنَع منه (١٨) العَضَبُ، يَمْنَعُ منه كَوْنُه أجَمَّ أوْلى. ولَنا، أَنَّ هذا نَقْصٌ لا يَنْقُصُ اللَّحْمَ، ولا يُخِلُّ بالمَقْصُودِ، ولم يَرِدْ به نَهْىٌ، فوجَبَ أن يُجْزِئَ، وفارقَ العَضَبَ، فإنَّ النَّهْىَ عنه وارِد، وهو عَيْبٌ، فإنَّه ربما دَمِىَ (١٩) وآلمَ الشَّاةَ، فيكونُ كمرَضِها، ويُقَبِّحُ مَنْظَرَها، بخلافِ الأجَمِّ، فإنَّه حُسْنٌ فى الخِلْقَةِ ليس بمرضٍ ولا عَيْبٍ، إلَّا أن الأفْضَلَ ما كان كاملَ الخِلْقَةِ، فإنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، ضَحَّى بكَبْشٍ أقْرَنَ فَحِيلٍ (٢٠). وقال: "خَيْرُ الأُضْحِيَةِ الْكَبْشُ الأَقْرَنُ" (٢١). وأمرَ باسْتِشْرافِ العينِ والأُذُنِ.

فصل: وتُكْرَهُ المَشْقُوقَةُ الأُذُنِ، والمَثْقُوبَةُ، وما قُطِعَ شىءٌ منها؛ لما رُوِىَ عن علىٍّ، رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عنه، قال: أمَرَنَا رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أَنْ نَسْتَشْرِفَ العينَ والأُذُنَ، ولا نُضَحِّىَ بمُقَابلةٍ، ولا مُدابِرَةٍ، ولا خَرْقاءَ، ولا شَرْقاءَ. قال زُهَيْرٌ: قلتُ لأَبِى إسحاقَ، ما المُقابلَة؟ قال: تُقْطَعُ طَرَفُ الأُذُنِ. قلتُ: فما المُدابِرَة؟ قال: تُقْطَعُ من مُؤَخَّرِ الأُذُنِ. قلتُ: فما الْخَرْقاءُ؟ قال: تُشَقُّ الأذُنُ. قلتُ: فما الشَّرْقاءُ؟ قال: تَشُقُّ

Notes

(١٨) سقط من: الأصل.(١٩) فى م: "أدمى".(٢٠) فى م: "محيل". تحريف.وأخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب ما يستحب من الضحايا، من كتاب الأضاحى. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٨٦. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء ما يستحب من الأضاحى، من أبواب الأضاحى. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٢٩٣. والنسائى، فى: باب الكبش، من كتاب الضحايا. المجتبى ٧/ ١٩٥. وابن ماجه، فى: باب ما يستحب من الأضاحى، من كتاب الأضاحى. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٠٤٦.(٢١) أخرجه الترمذى، فى: باب حدثنا سلمة بن شبيب. . .، من أبواب الأضحية. عارضة الأحوذى ٦/ ٣١٧. وابن ماجه، فى: باب ما يستحب من الأضاحى، من كتاب الأضاحى. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٠٤٦.

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