like a bracelet or a ring. If he wears a decorated sword, he does not violate the oath, because the sword is not jewelry. If he wears a decorated belt, there are two views regarding it. The first is that he does not violate the oath, because the adornment belongs to it [the belt] rather than him, so it resembles a decorated sword. The second is that he violates the oath, because it is among the jewelry of men, and it is usually not intended to be worn decorated except for the purpose of beautification. If he swears not to wear a ring, and he wears it on a finger other than the little finger, he violates the oath. Al-Shafi'i said: He does not violate the oath, because the oath entails customary wearing, [and this is not customary], so it resembles the case where he inserts a cap on his foot. As for us, he is wearing what he swore to refrain from wearing, so it is like if he were to wear trousers. As for inserting the cap on his foot, it is an act of foolishness and absurdity, unlike this case, for there is no difference between the little finger and others, except for the convention of assigning it to the little finger.
1833 - Issue; he said: (And if he swears that he will not eat food that Zayd bought, and then he eats food that both Zayd and Bakr bought, he violates the oath, unless he intended that neither of them should be the sole purchaser).
This is the position of Abu Hanifa and Malik. Al-Shafi'i said: He does not violate the oath. [Abu al-Khattab mentioned this as a possibility]; because in every part, neither of them was the sole purchaser, so he does not violate the oath by it, just as if he swore not to wear a garment that Zayd bought, and then he wore a garment that both he and someone else bought. As for us, Zayd is a purchaser of half of it, and it is food, and he has eaten it, so he must violate the oath, just as if Zayd bought it, then mixed it with what Amr bought, and he ate all of it. As for the garment, we do not concede that [analogy], and even if we did concede it, the difference between them is that half of a garment is not a garment, whereas half of the food is food, and he has eaten it after Zayd bought it. And if Zayd bought
(22) In M: "fa-ashbaha". (23) In M is an addition: "mu'abbasan". (24) Omitted from B. Notation check. (1) Not present in the original. (2) Omitted from M. (3) In M is an addition: "Zayd". (4) In M: "nusallim". (5) In A and M: "wa-in".
كالسِّوارِ والخاتَمِ. وإِنْ لَبِسَ سَيْفًا مُحَلًّى، لم يَحْنَثْ؛ لأَنَّ السَّيْفَ ليس بحَلْى. وإِنْ لبِسَ مِنْطَقةً مُحَلَّاةً، ففيه وَجْهان، أحَدُهما، لا يَحْنَثُ؛ لأنَّ الحِلْيَةَ لها دُونَه، فأشْبَهَتِ (٢٢) السَّيْفَ المُحَلَّى. والثانى، يَحْنَثُ؛ لأَنَّها من حَلْىِ الرِّجالِ، ولا يُقْصَدُ بلُبْسِها مُحَلَّاةً فى الغالِبِ إلَّا التَّجَمُّلُ بها. وإِنْ حَلَفَ لا يَلْبَسُ خاتمًا، فلَبِسَه فى غيرِ الخِنْصَرِ من أصابِعِه، حَنِثَ. وقال الشافِعِىُّ: لا يَحْنَثُ، لأَنَّ اليَمِينَ تَقْتَضِى لُبْسًا (٢٣) مُعتادًا، [وليس هذا مُعْتادًا] (٢٤)، فأشْبَهَ ما لو أَدْخَلَ القَلَنْسُوَةَ فى رِجْلِه. ولَنا، أنَّه لابِسٌ لما حَلَفَ علِى تَرْكِ لُبْسِه، فأشْبَهَ ما لو ائْتَزَرَ بالسَّراويلِ، وأمَّا إدْخالُ القَلَنْسُوَةِ فى رِجْلِه، فهو عَبَثٌ وسَفَهٌ، بخِلافِ هذا، فإنَّه لا فَرْقَ بين الخِنْصَرِ وغيرِها، إِلَّا من حَيْثُ الاصْطِلاحُ على تَخْصِيصِه بالخِنْصَرِ.
١٨٣٣ - مسألة؛ قال: (ولو حَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَأْكُلَ طَعَامًا اشْتَراهُ زْيْدٌ، فأَكَلَ طَعَامًا اشْتَرَاهُ زْيْدٌ وبَكْرٌ، حَنِثَ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ أرَادَ أَنْ لَا يَنْفَرِدَ أَحَدُهُمُا بالشَّرَاءِ)
وبهذا قال أبو حنيفةَ، ومالِكٌ. وقال الشافِعِىُّ: لا يَحْنَثُ. [وذَكَرَه أبو الخَطَّاب احْتِمالًا] (١)؛ لأَنِّ كُلَّ جُزْء لم يَنْفَرِدْ أحَدُهما بشِرائِه، فلم يَحْنَثْ به، كما لو حَلَفَ أَنْ (٢) لا يَلْبَسَ ثَوْبًا اشْتَراهُ زَيْدٌ، فلَبِسَ ثَوْبًا اشْتَراهُ (٣) هو وغَيْرُه. ولَنا، أَنَّ زَيْدًا مُشْتَرٍ لِنِصْفِه، وهو طعامٌ، وقد أَكَلَه، فيَجبُ أَنْ يَحْنَثَ، كما لو اشْتَراهُ زَيْدٌ، ثم خَلَطَه بما اشْتَراهُ عَمْرٌو، فأَكَلَ الجميعَ، وأمَّا الثَّوبُ، فلا نُسَلَّمُه (٤)، وإِنْ سلَّمْناه، فالفَرْقُ بينَهما أَنَّ نِصْفَ الثَّوْبِ ليس بثَوْبٍ، ونِصْفَ الطّعامِ طعامٌ، وقد أكَلَه بعدَ أنِ اشْتَراهُ زَيْدٌ. ولو (٥) اشْتَرَى زيدٌ
(٢٢) فى م: "فأشبه".(٢٣) فى م زيادة: "معبسا".(٢٤) سقط من: ب. نقل نظر.(١) لم يرد فى الأصل.(٢) سقط من: م.(٣) فى م زيادة: "زيد".(٤) فى م: "نسلم".(٥) فى أ، م: "وإن".