Muslims' roads and courtyards, examining the condition of his witnesses and trustees, replacing those among them whose disrepute has been proven, and leading the Friday and Eid prayers. Regarding the collection of land tax (kharaj) and the taking of charity (sadaqah), there are two views.
Section: He advises the agents and assistants at his door to fear Allah the Almighty, to be gentle with litigants, and to be free of greed. He should strive that they be none other than elder or middle-aged men of religion, integrity, and chastity.
Section: Ibn al-Mundhir said: It is disliked for a judge to issue legal opinions (fatwa) in judicial matters. Shurayh used to say: "I judge, but I do not issue fatwa." As for the fatwa in matters of ritual purity and other things in which there is no judgment, there is no harm in issuing a fatwa regarding them.
(52) In [B], an addition: "He said". (53) In [B] and [M]: "wal-a'yan" (notables). (54) Omitted from: [B] and [M]. (55) Following this in [M] appears: "Chapter on Custody (Hadanah)." This does not appear in other manuscripts, and the content regarding it has already preceded in the "Chapter on Who has the Best Right to Take Responsibility for the Child," in 11/412-433. After research, it became clear that this chapter in [M] is copied from al-Sharh al-Kabir 5/232-241. So refer to it.
المُسْلمينَ، وأفْنِيَتِهم، وتَصفُّحُ حالِ شُهودِه وأُمَنائه، والاسْتِبْدالُ بمَن ثَبَتَ جَرْحُه منهم، والإِمامةُ فى صَلاةِ الجُمعةِ والعيدِ. وفى جِبايةِ الْخَراجِ، وأخذِ الصَّدقةِ وَجْهان.
فصل: (٥٢) ويُوصِى الوُكَلاءَ والأعْوانَ (٥٣) على بابِه بتَقوَى اللهِ تعالى، والرِّفقِ بالخُصومِ، وقلَّةِ الطَّمَعِ، ويَجْتهِدُ أن لا (٥٤) يكونوا إلَّا (٥٤) شُيوخًا أو كُهولًا مِن أهلِ الدِّينِ والصِّيانةِ والعِفَّةِ.
فصل: قالَ ابنُ المُنْذِرِ: يُكْرَه للقاضى أنْ يُفتِىَ فى الأحْكامِ. كان شُرَيْحٌ يقولُ: أنا أقْضِى ولا أُفْتِى. وأمَّا الفُتْيَا فى الطَّهارةِ وسائرِ ما لا يُحْكَمُ فى مثلِه، فلا بَأْسَ بالفُتْيَا فيه (٥٥).
(٥٢) فى ب، زيادة: "قال".(٥٣) فى ب، م: "والأعيان".(٥٤) سقط من: ب، م.(٥٥) جاء بعد هذا فى م: باب الحضانة. ولم يرد فى سائر المخطوطات، وقد تقدم ما فيه فى: باب من أحق بكفالة الطفل، فى ١١/ ٤١٢ - ٤٣٣. وبعد البحث تبين أن هذا الباب فى م منقول من الشرح الكبير ٥/ ٢٣٢ - ٢٤١. فراجعه.
