Based on this, their status is that of free people from the moment he emancipated them; thus, their earnings belong to them. If they had been disposed of through sale, gift, mortgage, or marriage without permission, that would be void. If they had acted, their actions carry the status of the actions of free people. If one of the slaves married without his master's permission, his marriage would be valid, and the dowry would be obligatory upon him. If wealth appeared for the deceased equivalent to their value, two-thirds of them would be emancipated, because it constitutes one-third of the entire estate; thus, lots are drawn between the two whom we had kept in reserve. One of them is emancipated, and the other remains in servitude, provided they are equal in value. If wealth appeared for him equivalent to half of them, half of them are emancipated. If it were equivalent to one-third of them, four-ninths of them are emancipated; whenever wealth appears for him, the two slaves who were kept in servitude are emancipated to the extent of his one-third.

Section: If he bequeaths the emancipation of a slave of his, and it falls within his one-third, it becomes obligatory upon the executor to emancipate him. If he bequeaths that to his heirs, it is for them to emancipate him; if they refuse, the Sultan compels them. If they persist in refusal, the Sultan or his representative, such as the judge, emancipates him; because this is a right of Allah, the Exalted, and of the slave. Whoever is obligated to do this, the Sultan or his deputy acts on his behalf, like in cases of Zakat and debts. If the heir or the Sultan emancipates him, he becomes free. What he earned during the life of the testator [belongs to the testator], and it is part of his estate if it remains after him; because it is the earning of his unfree slave. What he earned after his death and before his emancipation belongs to the heir. Al-Qadi said: It belongs to the slave; because he earned it after the cause of emancipation had been established for him, so it is his, like the earnings of a mukatab (a slave in a contract of manumission). Some of the companions of Al-Shafi'i said: There are two opinions regarding this, based on the two opinions concerning the earnings of a slave whose emancipation was bequeathed before the acceptance of the bequest. Our position is that he is an unfree slave, so his earnings belong to the heirs, as with one whose emancipation was not bequeathed, and like one whose emancipation is contingent upon a condition. He differs from the mukatab, as the latter owns his earnings before his emancipation, and likewise after it. What they mentioned is refuted by the umm al-walad (a slave-woman who has borne her master a child); for the cause of her emancipation is established during the life of her master, and her earnings belong to him. As for the one whose emancipation is bequeathed, we do not concede it, and even if we did, the difference between them is that the cause of ownership in the bequeathed slave has been realized, but it was suspended upon a condition, which is acceptance; so when