follows it in tadbir (post-mortem emancipation), and he is emancipated upon the occurrence of the condition, just as she is emancipated.

Section: If he said to his slave, "If you recite the Qur'an, you are free after my death," and he recited the entire Qur'an, he becomes a mudabbar (one whose emancipation is contingent upon the master's death). If he recited part of it, he does not become a mudabbar. If he said, "If you recite some Qur'an, you are free after my death," and he recited part of the Qur'an, he becomes a mudabbar; for in the first instance, he defined it with the definite article (al) which implies comprehensiveness, so it refers to all of it, whereas here he used the indefinite, implying some of it. If it is said: "But Allah Almighty said: 'So when you recite the Qur'an, seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the expelled' (Surah al-Nahl: 98), and He said: 'And when you recite the Qur'an, We put between you and those who do not believe in the Hereafter a concealed partition' (Surah al-Isra: 45), and He did not mean all of it." We say: The import of the wording covers all of it because the definite article (al) is for comprehensiveness, and it is only interpreted as referring to some of it due to [the presence of] evidence. Therefore, it should not be interpreted as referring to some of it in other contexts without evidence. Furthermore, the context of the situation requires the recitation of all of it; for the apparent intent is that he intended to encourage him to recite the Qur'an by attaching freedom to it, or to reward him for his recitation with freedom, and it is apparent that he would not reward or encourage him with such an action except for something that is arduous. As for reciting one or two verses, this is not the case.

Section: If he said to his slave, "If you wish, you are free after my death," or "When you wish," or "Whenever you wish," or "At any time you wish, you are free after my death," it is a tadbir contingent upon a condition. Whenever he wishes during his master's life, he becomes a mudabbar, to be emancipated upon his master's death, just as if he had said, "If you enter the house, you are free after my death," and he entered it during his lifetime. If the master died before he expressed his wish, the condition is void, just as if he had died in the other issue before entering the house. And if he said, "Whenever you wish after my death, you are free," or "At any time you wish after my death, you are free."