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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 14 · Page 496

Translation · EN

In both situations, the status is the same, so they are equal in what is incumbent upon them. If she was a virgin when the first one had intercourse with her, he owes the dowry of a virgin, and the other owes the dowry of a non-virgin (thayyib). If the time for her installment payment has not yet arrived, she may demand both dowries from them. If the installment has arrived and it is of the same genus as the dowry, they perform mutual set-off, as we mentioned regarding set-off. If she pays them, she is emancipated, and she still has the right to demand the two dowries. If she is incapacitated and they dissolve the kitabah after she has received the two dowries, neither of them has the right to demand anything from the other, because she received them while she was entitled to them. If they are still in her possession, they divide them between themselves, but if they—or some of them—have perished, there is nothing for them, because a debt from his slave does not become established for a master. If the dissolution occurs before receiving the two dowries and they are equal, what is due from each one of them is dropped. If one of them is greater than the other, they perform a set-off between them by the amount of the lesser of them, and the one from whom the lesser amount is due recovers half of the excess from the other. If she received the payment from one of them but not the other, the one from whom it was received recovers from the other half of what he owes. If she received a portion from one of them but not the other, or she received more from one of them than the other, the one from whom the greater amount was received recovers from the other half of the excess that he paid. If one of them causes her physical injury (ifda') through his intercourse, he owes her one-third of her value, because ifda' to a free woman entails one-third of her blood money (diyah), thus it entails one-third of her value in the case of a slave woman, along with the dowry. It is also possible that the amount of her depreciation is what is incumbent upon him in the case of ifda'. Al-Qadi said: Her [full] value is incumbent upon him, which is the school of al-Shafi'i. The disagreement on this is a derivative of what is due in the case of ifda' to a free woman, which we have already mentioned. If she dissolves the kitabah, the one who did not injure her recovers from the other half of the value of the injury, according to the disagreement we mentioned. If each one of them claims against the other that he is the one who injured her or had intercourse with her, each one of them must take an oath, and he is absolved.

Notes

(27) In B and M: "for them both". (28) In the Original and A: "they divided it". (29) In the Original: "for her". (30) In M: "from it". (31) Omitted from M. A matter for consideration. (32) In M, an addition: "the part". (33) In M: "so it became obligatory". (34) In B and M, an addition: "a section". (35) Previously mentioned in: 12/171, 172.

Arabic (Source)

فى الحالَيْنِ على صِفَةٍ واحدةٍ، فهما سَواءٌ فى الواجبِ عليهما، وإن كانت بِكْرًا حين وَطِئَها الأوَّلُ، فعليه مَهْرُ بِكْرٍ، وعلى الآخرِ مَهْرُ ثَيِّبٍ. فإِن كان نَجْمُها لم يَحِلَّ، فلها مُطَالَبَتُهما بالمَهْزينِ، وإن كان النَّجْمُ قد حَلَّ، وهو مِن جنْسِ المَهْرِ، تَقَاصَّا، على ما ذكَرْنا فى المُقاصَّةِ. فإِن أدَّتْ إليهما، عَتَقَتْ، وكان لها (٢٧) المُطالبةُ بالمَهْرَيْنِ. وإن عَجَزَتْ عن نَفْسِها، وفَسَخَا الكِتابةَ بعدَ قَبْضِها المَهْرَيْن، لم يَمْلِكْ أحَدُهما مُطالبةَ الآخَرِ بشىءٍ؛ لأنَّها قَبَضَتْهُما وهى مُسْتَحِقَّةٌ لذلك، فإِن كانا فى يَدها اقْتَسَماهما (٢٨)، وإن تَلِفَا أو بعضُهما، فلا شىءَ لهما (٢٩)؛ لأنَّ السَّيِّدَ لا يَثْبُتُ له دَيْنٌ على مَمْلُوكِهِ. وإن كان الفَسْخُ قبلَ قَبْضِ المَهْرَينِ، وهما سَواءٌ، سَقَطَ عن كلِّ واحدٍ ما عليه، وإن كان أحَدُهُما أكثرَ من الآخَرِ، تقاصَّ منهما (٣٠) بقَدْرِ أقَلِّهِما، [ويَرْجِعُ مَن عليه أقَلُّهما] (٣١) على الآخَرِ بنِصْفِ الزِّيادَةِ، وإن قَبَضَتْ (٣٢) من أحَدِهما دُونَ الآخَرِ، رَجَعَ المَقْبُوضُ منه على الآخَرِ بنِصْفِ ما عليه، وإِنْ قَبَض منه البعضَ مِن أحدِهما دُونَ الآخَرِ، أو قَبَضَتْ من أحَدِهما أكثرَ من الآخَرِ، رَجَعَ مَنْ قُبِضَ منه الأكْثرُ على الآخَرِ بنِصْفِ الزِّيادةِ التى أدَّاها. وإن أَفْضاها أحَدُهما بوَطْئِه، فعليه لها ثُلثُ قِيمَتِها؛ لأنَّ الإِفْضاءَ فى الحُرَّةِ يُوجِبُ ثُلثَ دِيَتِهَا، فيُوجِبُ (٣٣) فى الأَمَةِ ثُلثَ قِيمَتِها مع المَهْرِ (٣٤). ويَحْتَمِلُ أَن يَلْزَمَه فى الإِفْضاءِ قَدْرُ نَقْصِها. وقال القاضى: تَلْزَمُه قِيمَتُها. وهو مذهبُ الشافعىِّ. والخِلافُ فى ذلك فَرْعٌ على الواجِبِ فى إفْضاءِ الحُرَّةِ. وقد ذكَرْناه (٣٥). فإنْ فسخَتِ الكِتابةَ، رَجَعَ مَنْ لم يُفْضِها على الآخَرِ بنِصْفِ قِيمَةِ الإِفْضاءِ، على الخِلافِ الذى ذكَرْناه. فإِن ادَّعَى كلُّ واحدٍ منهما على الآخَرِ، أنَّه الذى أفْضاها، أو وَطِئَها، حَلَفَ كلُّ واحدٍ منهما، وبَرِئَ. وإن

Notes

(٢٧) فى ب، م: "لهما".(٢٨) فى الأصل، أ: "اقتسماها".(٢٩) فى الأصل: "لها".(٣٠) فى م: "منها".(٣١) سقط من: م. نقل نظر.(٣٢) فى م زيادة: "البعض".(٣٣) فى م: "فوجب".(٣٤) فى ب، م زيادة: "فصل".(٣٥) تقدم فى: ١٢/ ١٧١، ١٧٢.

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