the forehead. He did not prostrate upon the nose. It was narrated from Abu Hanifah that if he prostrates upon his nose without his forehead, it is sufficient for him. Ibn al-Mundhir said: "I do not know anyone who preceded him in this opinion." Perhaps he leaned toward the idea that the forehead and the nose are one member, because when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) mentioned the forehead, he pointed to his nose, and for a single member, prostration upon a part of it is sufficient. This is an opinion that contradicts the authentic hadith and the consensus mentioned before it, so it is not valid.

Section: It is not obligatory for the praying person to have direct contact [with the ground] using any of these members. Al-Qadi said: "If one prostrates upon the edge of a turban, or his sleeve, or his garment, the prayer is valid according to a single narration." This is the school of Malik and Abu Hanifah. Among those who granted a concession to prostrate upon a garment during heat and cold were Ata', Tawus, al-Nakha'i, al-Sha'bi, al-Awza'i, Malik, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). Al-Hasan, Makhul, and Abd al-Rahman ibn Yazid granted a concession to prostrate upon the edge of a turban. Shurayh prostrated upon his burnus (hooded cloak). Abu al-Khattab said: "It is not obligatory to have direct contact with any of the limbs of prostration except the forehead, for regarding it there are two narrations." Al-Athram narrated that he asked Abu Abd al-Rahman about prostrating upon the edge of a turban, and he replied: "He should not prostrate upon its edge, but rather he should remove the turban." This permits the possibility of prohibition, and it is the school of al-Shafi'i, based on what was narrated from Khabbab, who said: "We complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about the heat of the scorching ground upon our foreheads and palms, but he did not respond to us." Recorded by Muslim. And because he prostrated upon what is carrying him, it is similar to if he had prostrated upon his hands. As for us, we have what Anas narrated: "We were praying with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and one of us would place the edge of his garment from