Ghaziyyah (4). Al-Tirmidhi said: The practice among the scholars is in accordance with this, and Ishaq also says the same. [And the companions of Al-Shafi'i said: It is not permissible for an individual to pray the obligatory prayer on a mount due to rain, based on the hadith of Abu Sa'id, and because prostration and standing are pillars of prayer and therefore are not dropped due to rain, just like the rest of its pillars. Our evidence is what was narrated by] (5) Ya'la ibn Umayyah (6) from the Prophet (PBUH) that he arrived at a narrow pass while his companions were with him; the sky was above them and the wetness was below them, so the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) prayed on his mount, and his companions on the backs of their mounts, making a gesture for the prayer, making the prostration lower than the bowing. Narrated by Al-Athram and Al-Tirmidhi (7), who said: [It is solely narrated by] (8) 'Umar ibn al-Rammah al-Balkhi, and more than one scholar has narrated from him (9). Anas also did this (10) (11) while he was heading towards Sarabit (12). Narrated by Al-Athram with his chain of transmission, and Imam Ahmad mentioned it (13), and no dissent was reported from anyone else, so it constitutes a consensus. Furthermore, rain is an excuse that permits joining prayers, so it affects the actions of the prayer just like travel [and illness. The hadith of Abu Sa'id occurred in Medina while the Prophet (PBUH) was praying in his mosque, and the apparent meaning is that the mud was slight, not affecting anything other than the nose and forehead. What is permitted of it is that which is copious, affecting the contamination of clothes and the body, where harm occurs by prostrating in it] (14).
Section (15): The one praying by gesture due to mud is not permitted to abandon facing the Qibla, because he is capable of it without harm, so it is not dropped in the obligatory prayer, unlike cases other than rain. Also, facing the Qibla is a condition that is not dropped except by inability, and he is not incapable. Similarly, if it is possible for him to dismount and pray standing without harm, it is not permissible for him to pray on his mount, because he is capable of standing without harm, so it is incumbent upon him, due to the Almighty's saying: {And stand before Allah, devoutly obedient} (16). The bowing is not dropped because he is capable of it; he gestures for the prostration due to his inability to perform it except with harm and contamination. If he is harmed by dismounting from his mount and becomes contaminated, he prays upon it, based on the report.
Section (17): As for praying on a mount due to illness, it has three states:
(4) 'Umarah ibn Ghaziyyah ibn al-Harith al-Najjari al-Ansari, a Tabi'i, trustworthy, narrated many hadiths, died in the year 140 AH. Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 7/422. (5) In M: "Ibn 'Aqil said: It has been narrated from Ahmad that he prostrates on the surface of water, and the first [opinion] is more appropriate, according to what was narrated." (6) This is as it appears in the manuscripts, but in the Sunan of Al-Tirmidhi and the Musnad, it is: "Ya'la ibn Murrah from his father from his grandfather." As for Ya'la ibn Umayyah ibn Abi 'Ubaydah al-Makki, an ally of the Quraysh, he is the one referred to as Ya'la ibn Munyah; he narrated from the Prophet (PBUH) and was killed at Siffin, or his death occurred later. As for Ya'la ibn Murrah ibn Wahb ibn Jabir al-Thaqafi, he is the one referred to as Ya'la ibn Sayabah. See their biographies in: Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 11/399, 404. (7) In: The Chapter of What Has Been Said Concerning Prayer on a Mount in Mud and Rain, from the Book of Prayer. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 2/203, 204. (8) In the original: "he narrates it." (9) After this in M: "Qadi Abu Ya'la said: I asked Abu 'Abd Allah al-Damghani, and he said: The madhhab of Abu Hanifah is that one may pray on a mount during rain and illness. The companions of Al-Shafi'i said: It is not permissible to pray the obligatory prayer on a mount due to rain or illness. And from Malik there are both opinions. Those who prohibited it used as evidence the hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri: 'My eyes saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) depart, and on his forehead and nose was the trace of water and mud.' This is a sahih hadith. Our evidence is the hadith we narrated." (10) In M: "and he did". (11) In M, there is an addition: "Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Anas indeed prayed". (12) In Mu'jam al-Buldan 3/63, it is stated that it is a city from which the Hajjah moved doors to his house and the congregational mosque. After this in M is an addition: "on a rainy day for the prescribed prayer while on a mount". (13) Meaning: and Imam Ahmad mentioned the hadith of Ya'la. It is in: Al-Musnad 4/174.
