The Qadi said: If he hopes for reconciliation [through payment, it is an excuse], until he reaches a settlement, unlike hudud (fixed penalties), for reconciliation and pardon do not apply to them. As for the limit of pardon, if he hopes for pardon regarding it, he is not excused for missing it, because he is hoping for it to be dropped without a substitute. [Among these is the rain] that wets one's clothes, and the mud that causes harm to one's [body or clothes]; [because it was narrated] that Abdullah bin al-Harith said: Abdullah bin Abbas said to his mu'adhdhin on a rainy day: When you say, 'I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,' do not say, 'Come to prayer.' Say, 'Pray in your homes.' He said: It was as if the people disapproved of that, so Ibn Abbas said: Do you wonder at that? One who is better than me has done it. Indeed, the Jumu'ah (Friday prayer) is an obligation, and I disliked to bring you out so that you would walk in mud and slippage. (Muttafaq 'alayh - agreed upon). Abu al-Malih narrated that he witnessed a Friday with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) during the time of Hudaybiyyah, and they were affected by rain such that the soles of their sandals did not get wet, yet he commanded them to pray in their own dwellings. Narrated by Abu Dawud. And one is excused for missing the congregation
(27) In (M): "for money, then he is excused for missing it". (28) In (M): "is hoped for". (29) After this in (M) is the addition: "Section". (30) In (M): "And one is excused for missing them due to rain". (31) In (M): "his person and his clothes". (32) In (M): "He said". (33) Omitted from (M). (34) Al-dahd: slipping. (35) Narrated by al-Bukhari, in: Chapter on the Concession if one does not attend Jumu'ah during rain, from the Book of Jumu'ah. Sahih al-Bukhari 2/7. And Muslim, in: Chapter on Praying in Dwellings During Rain, from the Book of the Traveler's Prayer. Sahih Muslim 1/585. (36) From here to the end of the section, the order of the paragraphs differs between (M) and the original. We have adopted the order of the original. (37) In: Chapter on Jumu'ah on a Rainy Day, from the Book of Prayer. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/244. It was also narrated by Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on the Congregation on a Rainy Night, from the Book of Establishing Prayer. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/302. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 5/24, 74, 75.
