Chapter: Regarding Prayer while in a State of Impurity and Other Matters
222 - Issue: He said: "If one’s clothing is not pure, and one’s place of prayer is not pure, they must repeat [the prayer]."
The entirety of this matter is that purity from impurity in the body of the one praying and their clothing is a condition for the validity of the prayer according to the opinion of most scholars. Among them are Ibn Abbas, Said ibn al-Musayyab, Qatada, Malik, al-Shafi'i, and the scholars of reasoning (Ahl al-Ra'y). It is narrated from Ibn Abbas that he said: "There is no impurity upon a garment." A similar view is reported from Abu Mijlaz, Said ibn Jubayr, and al-Nakha'i. al-Harith al-'Uqli and Ibn Abi Layla said: "There is no repetition [of prayer] due to [impurity on] a garment." Tawus saw a significant amount of blood on his garment while he was in prayer and did not pay attention to it. Said ibn Jubayr was asked about a man who sees filth on his garment after he has already prayed, and he said: "Recite to me the verse that mentions the washing of garments." As for us, we rely on the statement of Allah Almighty: {And your garments purify} [Surah al-Muddaththir: 4]. Ibn Sirin said: "This means washing with water." From Asma bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with her, she said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked about menstrual blood that is on a garment. He said: "Scrape it, then pray in it." In another narration, she said: I heard a woman asking the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "How should one of us act regarding her garment if she sees that she has become pure; should she pray in it?" He said: "She should examine it; if she sees blood, she should scrape it with some water, sprinkle it [with water] where she did not see [the impurity], and pray in it." Narrated by Abu Dawud. It is narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "Verily, both of them are being punished, and they are not being punished for a major sin; as for one of them, he used not to screen himself from his urine." Agreed upon.
(1) In the manuscripts: "Ibn Mijlaz." And it was mentioned previously. (2) al-Harith ibn Yazid al-'Uqli al-Taymi, he narrated from al-Sha'bi, al-Nakha'i, and others, and he is reliable and a scholar of jurisprudence. Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 2/163, 164. (3) Surah al-Muddaththir: 4. (4) Mentioned previously on page 17 of the first volume. (5) In: The chapter on a woman scraping the garment she wears during her menstruation, from the Book of Purification. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/87. And see: the previous footnote.
بابُ الصَّلاةِ بالنَّجاسةِ، وغيرِ ذلك
٢٢٢ - مسألة؛ قال: (وإذا لم تَكُنْ ثِيَابُه طاهِرَةً، ومَوْضِعُ صَلَاتهِ طَاهِرًا، أَعَادَ)
وجُمْلَةُ ذلك، أنَّ الطَّهارةَ من النَّجَاسَةِ في بَدَنِ المُصَلِّى وثَوْبِهِ شَرْطٌ لِصِحَّةِ الصَّلاةِ في قَوْلِ أكثرِ أهلِ العِلْمِ؛ منهم: ابنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وسَعِيدُ بنُ المُسَيَّبِ، وقَتَادَةُ، ومالِكٌ، والشَّافِعِيُّ، وأصْحابُ الرَّأْىِ. ويُرْوَى عن ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أنَّه قال: ليْسَ على ثَوْبٍ جنابةٌ. ونحوُه عن أبي مِجْلَزٍ (١)، وسَعِيدِ بنِ جُبَيْرٍ، والنَّخَعِيِّ. وقال الحارِثُ العُكْلِيُّ (٢) وابنُ أبِى لَيْلَى: ليْسَ في ثَوْبٍ إعَادَةٌ. ورَأى طَاوُسٌ دَمًا كَثِيرًا في ثَوْبِه، وهو في الصَّلاةِ، فلم يُبَالِه. وسُئِلَ سَعِيدُ بن جُبَيْرٍ، عن الرَّجُلِ يَرَى في ثَوْبِه الأذَى وقد صَلَّى؟ فقال: اقْرَأْ عَلَىَّ الآيةَ التي فيها غَسْلُ الثِّيَابِ. ولَنا، قَوْلُ اللهِ تعالى: {وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ} (٣). قال ابنُ سِيرِينَ: هو الغَسْلُ بالماءِ. وعن أسْمَاءَ ابْنَةِ أبى بكرٍ الصِّدِّيق، رَضِىَ اللهُ عنه، قالت: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- عن دَمِ الحَيْضِ يَكُونُ في الثَّوْبِ؟ قال: "اقْرُصِيهِ، وصَلِّى فيهِ (٤) ". وفى لَفْظٍ قالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ امْرَأةً تَسْألُ رسولَ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: كيف تَصْنَعُ إحدانا بِثَوْبِها إذا رَأتِ الطُّهْرَ، أتُصَلِّي فيه؟ قال: "تَنْظُرُ فيهِ، فَإنْ رَأتْ دَمًا فَلْتَقْرُصْهُ بِشَىْءٍ من ماءٍ، ولْتَنْضَحْ مَا لَمْ تَرَ، ولْتُصَلِّ فِيهِ". رواهُ أبو داوُدَ (٥). ورُوِىَ عن النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أنَّه قال: "إنَّهُما يُعَذَّبَانِ وما يُعَذَّبَانِ فِي
(١) في النسخ: "ابن مجلز". وتقدم.(٢) الحارث بن يزيد العكلي التيمي، روى عن الشعبي والنخعي، وغيرهما، وهو ثقة فقيه. تهذيب التهذيب ٢/ ١٦٣، ١٦٤.(٣) سورة المدثر ٤.(٤) تقدم في صفحة ١٧ من الجزء الأول.(٥) في: باب المرأة تنسل ثوبها الذي تلبسه في حيضها، من كتاب الطهارة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ٨٧. وانظر: الحاشية السابقة.
