Section: The preferred position according to Abu Abd Allah is to perform it (Tarawih) in congregation. He said, in a narration by Yusuf ibn Musa: The congregation in Tarawih is better; and if there is a man whom others follow, and he prays it in his house, I fear that people might follow his example. It has been narrated from the Prophet -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him-: "Follow those after me" (13). It has also been narrated from Umar that he used to pray in congregation. This is the view of al-Muzani, Ibn Abd al-Hakam, and a group of the companions of Abu Hanifah. Ahmad said: Jabir, Ali, and Abdullah used to pray it in congregation. Al-Tahawi said: Everyone who chooses to pray individually should do so in a way that does not cause the congregational prayer to be discontinued in the mosques; as for the individual prayer that leads to the discontinuation of the prayer in the mosques, that is not appropriate. A similar view has been narrated (14) from al-Layth ibn Sa'd. Malik and al-Shafi'i said: Standing in prayer during Ramadan, for those who are strong, is more beloved to us if done in the house, based on what Zayd ibn Thabit narrated, who said: The Messenger of Allah -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him- made a small enclosure with a mat or a reed mat (15), and the Messenger of Allah -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him- went out to pray (16) in it. He said (16): Men followed him and came to pray with his prayer. He said: Then they came one night and gathered, but the Messenger of Allah -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him- was slow to come out to them, so he did not go out to them. They raised their voices and pelted the door with pebbles, so the Messenger of Allah -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him- went out to them while angry, and said to them (17): "Your behavior persisted until I thought it would be made obligatory upon you. So, upon you is the prayer in your houses, for the best of a person's prayer is in his house, except for the obligatory prayer." Recorded by Muslim (18). Our argument is the consensus of the Companions upon that, and the Prophet -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him- gathered his Companions and his family in
(13) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on the Merits of Abu Bakr and Umar, from the Book of Virtues. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 13/129. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on the Virtue of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah -peace and blessings of Allah be upon him-, from the Introduction. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/137. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 5/382, 385, 399, 402. In all of them: "Follow those after me." (14) In M: "And it is narrated." (15) Meaning: He enclosed an area of the mosque with a mat to seclude himself to pray in it. (16) Omitted from A and M. (17) Omitted from M. (18) Its recording preceded on page 565.
فصل: والمُخْتَارُ عند أبى عبدِ اللهِ، فِعْلُها في الجَمَاعَةِ، قال، في رِوَايَةِ يوسفَ بن موسى: الجَمَاعَةُ في التَّرَاوِيحِ أفْضَلُ، وإن كان رَجُلٌ يُقْتَدَىَ به، فَصَلَّاهَا في بَيْتِه، خِفْتُ أن يَقْتَدِىَ النّاسُ به. وقد جاء عن النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "اقْتَدُوا بالخُلَفَاءِ" (١٣). وقد جاءَ عن عمرَ أنَّه كان يُصَلِّى في الجَمَاعَةِ. وبهذا قال المُزَنِىُّ، وابنُ عَبْدِ الحَكَمِ، وجَمَاعَةٌ من أصْحَابِ أبى حنيفةَ، قال أحمدُ: كان جابِرٌ، وعلىٌّ، وعبدُ اللهِ يُصَلُّونَها في جَمَاعَةٍ. قال الطَّحَاوِىُّ: كلُّ مَن اخْتَارَ التَّفَرُّدَ يَنْبَغِى أنْ يكونَ ذلك على أن لا يَقْطَعَ معه القِيَامَ في المَسَاجِدِ، فأمَّا التَّفَرُّدُ الذي يُقْطَعُ معه القِيَامُ في المَسَاجِدِ فَلَا. ورُوِىَ (١٤) نحوُ هذا عن اللَّيْثِ بن سعدٍ. وقال مالِكٌ، والشَّافِعِىُّ: قِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ لِمَن قَوِىَ في البَيْتِ أَحَبُّ إلَيْنَا؛ لما رَوَى زيدُ بنُ ثابِتٍ قال: احْتَجَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- حُجَيْرَةً بِخَصَفَةٍ أو حَصِيرٍ (١٥)، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- يُصَلِّى (١٦) فيها. قَال (١٦): فَتَتَبَّعَ إليه رجَالٌ، وجَاءُوا يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاتِه، قال: ثم جَاءُوا لَيْلَةً فَحَضَرُوا، وأبْطَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- عنهم، فلم يخْرُجْ إليهم، فَرَفَعُوا أصْوَاتَهم، وحَصَبُوا البَابَ، فَخرَجَ إليهم رسولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- مُغْضَبًا، فقال لهم (١٧): "مَازَالَ بِكُمْ صَنِيعُكُمْ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أنَّه سَيُكْتَبُ عَلَيْكُمْ، فَعَلَيْكُمْ بالصَّلَاةِ في بُيُوتِكُمْ، فَإنَّ خَيْرَ صَلَاةِ المَرْءِ في بَيْتِه، إلَّا الصَّلَاةَ المَكْتُوَبَةَ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ (١٨). ولَنا، إجْمَاعُ الصَّحَابَةِ على ذلك، وجَمَعَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أَصْحَابَهُ وأهْلَه في
(١٣) أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب في مناقب أبي بكر وعمر، من أبواب المناقب. عارضة الأحوذى ١٣/ ١٢٩. وابن ماجه، في: باب في فضل أصحاب رسول اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، من المقدمة. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ١٣٧. والإمام أحمد، في: المسند ٥/ ٣٨٢، ٣٨٥، ٣٩٩، ٤٠٢. وفيها كلها: "اقتدوا بالذين من بعدى".(١٤) في م: "ويروى".(١٥) أي حوَّط موضعا من المسجد بحصيرة ليستره ليصلى فيه.(١٦) سقط من: ا، م.(١٧) سقط من: م.(١٨) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٥٦٥.
