the city, without objection.
Section: If the people of the city are fewer than forty, and the people of the village come to them and they establish the Jumu'ah in the city, it is not valid, because the people of the village are not residents of the city, and the Jumu'ah is not rendered valid by the people of the city due to their small number. If the people of the village are among those upon whom Jumu'ah is individually incumbent, it is incumbent upon the people of the city to proceed to them, because they are among those between whom and the location of the Jumu'ah is less than a farsakh, so it is incumbent upon them to proceed to it, just as it is incumbent upon the people of the village to proceed to the city if it is established there and the people of the village are fewer than forty. If in each of the two groups there are fewer than forty, it is not permissible to establish the Jumu'ah in either of them.
Section: Whoever is under the obligation of Jumu'ah may not travel after its time has entered. This is the opinion of al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and Ibn al-Mundhir. Abu Hanifah said: It is permissible. Al-Awza'i was asked about a traveler who heard the adhan for Jumu'ah while he had already saddled his mount, and he said: Let him proceed on his journey, because Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "Jumu'ah does not hold one back from a journey." Our evidence is what Ibn Umar narrated that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "Whoever travels from a place of residence on the day of Jumu'ah, the angels invoke curses upon him; he shall not be accompanied on his journey, nor shall he be aided in his need." Narrated by al-Daraqutni in al-Afrad. This is a threat that is not attached to a permissible act. Furthermore, because the Jumu'ah has become incumbent upon him, it is not permissible for him to occupy himself with that which prevents him from it, such as play and trade. As for what was narrated from Umar, there have also been narrated from his son and from Aisha reports that indicate a dislike for traveling on the day of Jumu'ah, thus they contradict his statement.
(10) In A and M: "hears". (11) Recorded by al-Bayhaqi in: Chapter of those who said Jumu'ah does not hold one back from a journey, from the Book of Jumu'ah, Al-Sunan al-Kubra 3/187. And by 'Abd al-Razzaq in: Chapter of traveling on the day of Jumu'ah, from the Book of Jumu'ah, Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 3/250. And by Ibn Abi Shaybah in: Chapter of those who granted permission to travel on the day of Jumu'ah, from the Book of Prayers, Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 2/105. (12) Mentioned by Ibn Hajar in Talkhis al-Habir 2/66, and he attributed it to al-Daraqutni in al-Afrad, and did not attribute it to anyone else. (13) In A and M: "dislike (karahiyah)".
المِصْرِ، من غيرِ نَكِيرٍ.
فصل: وإذا كان أهْلُ المِصْرِ دُونَ الأرْبَعِينَ، فَجاءَهم أهْلُ القَرْيَةِ، فأقامُوا الجُمُعَةَ في المِصْرِ، لم يَصِحَّ؛ لأنَّ أهْلَ القَرْيَةِ غيرُ مُسْتَوْطِنِينَ في المِصْرِ، وأهْلُ المِصْرِ لا تَنْعَقِدُ بهم الجُمُعَةُ لِقِلَّتِهِمْ. وإن كان أهْلُ القَرْيَةِ ممَّن تَجِبُ عليهم الجُمُعَةُ بأَنْفُسِهم لَزِمَ أهْلَ المِصْرِ السَّعْىُ إليهم؛ لأنَّهم مِمَّنْ بينَه وبينَ مَوْضِعِ الجُمُعَةِ أقَلُّ مِن فَرْسَخٍ، فَلَزِمَهُم السَّعْىُ إليها، كما يَلْزَمُ أهْلَ القَرْيَةِ السَّعْىُ إلى المِصْرِ إذا أُقِيمَتْ به وكان أهْلُ القَرْيَةِ دُونَ الأرْبَعِينَ. وإنْ كان في كُلِّ واحِدٍ منهما دُونَ الأرْبَعِينَ، لم يَجُزْ إقامَةُ الجُمُعَةِ في وَاحِدٍ منهما.
فصل: ومَن تَجِبُ عليه الجُمُعَةُ لا يجوزُ له السَّفَرُ بعد دُخُولِ وَقْتِها. وبه قال الشَّافِعِىُّ، وإسحاقُ، وابنُ المُنْذِرِ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: يجوزُ. وسُئِلَ الأوْزَاعىُّ عن مُسافِرٍ سَمِعَ (١٠) أذَانَ الجُمُعَةِ، وقد أسْرَجَ دَابَّتَهُ، فقال: لِيَمْضِ في سَفَرِه؛ لأنَّ عمرَ، رَضِىَ اللَّه عنه، قال: الجُمُعَةُ لا تَحْبِسُ عن سَفَرٍ (١١). ولَنا، ما رَوَى ابنُ عمرَ، أنَّ رسولَ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "مَنْ سَافَرَ مِنْ دَارِ إقَامَةٍ يَوْمَ الجُمُعَةِ دَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ المَلَائِكَةُ، لَا يُصْحَبُ في سَفَرِه، ولَا يُعَانُ عَلَى حَاجَتِهِ". رَوَاه الدَّارَقُطْنِىُّ في الأفْرَادِ (١٢). وهذا وَعِيدٌ لا يَلْحَقُ بالمُبَاحِ. ولأنَّ الجُمُعَةَ قد وَجَبَتْ عليه، فلم يَجُزْ له الاشْتِغالُ بما يَمْنَعُ منها، كاللَّهْوِ، والتِّجَارَةِ، وما رُوِىَ عن عمرَ، فقد رُوِىَ عن ابْنِه، وعائشةَ، أخْبَارٌ تَدُلُّ على كَراهَةِ (١٣) السَّفَرِ يَوْمَ الجُمُعَةِ، فتُعارِضُ قولَه،
(١٠) في أ، م: "يسمع".(١١) أخرجه البيهقي، في: باب من قال لا تحبس الجمعة عن سفر، من كتاب الجمعة. السنن الكبرى ٣/ ١٨٧. وعبد الرزاق، في: باب السفر يوم الجمعة، من كتاب الجمعة. مصنف عبد الرزاق ٣/ ٢٥٠. وابن أبي شيبة، في: باب من رخص في السفر يوم الجمعة، من كتاب الصلوات. مصنف ابن أبي شيبة ٢/ ١٠٥.(١٢) ذكره ابن حجر في تلخيص الحبير ٢/ ٦٦. وعزاه للدارقطنى في الأفراد، ولم يعزه لغيره.(١٣) في أ، م: "كراهية".