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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 3 · Page 281

Translation · EN

nation performed prayer before that prayer, nor after it—meaning the Eid prayer. He said: "No Badr-veteran prayed before the Eid." Abu Mas'ud al-Badri forbade it. It has been narrated that Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, saw a group of people praying before the Eid, and he said: "This was not done during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him" (3). Ahmad said: "The people of Medina do not perform supererogatory prayers before or after it, the people of Basra perform supererogatory prayers before and after it, and the people of Kufa do not perform supererogatory prayers before it, but they do perform them after it." This is the view of Alqamah, al-Aswad, Mujahid, Ibn Abi Layla, al-Nakha'i, al-Thawri, al-Awza'i, and the jurists (Ashab al-Ra'y). Malik said: "One should not perform supererogatory prayers in the musalla before or after it." Regarding the mosque, he has two narrations: one of them is that one may perform supererogatory prayers, due to the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: "When one of you enters the mosque, let him not sit until he has prayed two rak'ahs" (4). Al-Shafi'i said: "Supererogatory prayer is disliked for the Imam but not for the follower, because it is not recommended for the Imam to occupy himself with anything other than the prayer, while it was not disliked for the follower, as it is a time in which one is not forbidden from prayer, resembling the time after the sun has passed its zenith (zawāl)." Our evidence is what Ibn Abbas narrated: that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out on the day of Fitr, prayed two rak'ahs, and did not pray before or after them. It is agreed upon (5). Ibn Umar narrated the same (6). This is because it is

Notes

(3) Recorded by Abd al-Razzaq in: 'The chapter on prayer before the exit of the Imam and after the khutbah', from the Book of the Two Eids, Al-Musannaf 3/276, 277. (4) Its verification has previously been cited in: 2/119. (5) Recorded by al-Bukhari in: 'The chapter on the khutbah after the Eid', and 'The chapter on prayer before and after the Eid', from the Book of the Two Eids; and in: 'The chapter on encouraging charity and intercession', from the Book of Zakah, Sahih al-Bukhari 2/23, 30, 140. Also by Muslim in: 'The chapter on not praying before or after the Eid in the musalla', from the Book of the Two Eids, Sahih Muslim 2/606. It was also recorded by Abu Dawud in: 'The chapter on prayer after the Eid prayer', from the Book of Prayer, Sunan Abi Dawud 1/264; al-Tirmidhi in: 'The chapter on what has been narrated that there is no prayer before or after the Eid', from the Chapters on the Two Eids, Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/8; al-Nasa'i in: 'The chapter on prayer before and after the two Eids', from the Book of the Two Eids, Al-Mujtaba 3/157; Ibn Majah in: 'The chapter on what has been narrated regarding prayer before and after the Eid prayer', from the Book of Establishing the Prayer, Sunan Ibn Majah 1/410; al-Darimi in: 'The chapter on no prayer before or after the Eid', from the Book of Prayer, Sunan al-Darimi 1/376; and Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 1/340, 355. (6) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in: 'The chapter on what has been narrated that there is no prayer before or after the Eid', from the Chapters on the Two Eids, Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/9; and Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 2/57.

Arabic (Source)

الأُمَّةِ كان يُصَلِّى قبلَ تلك الصلاةِ ولا بعدَها. يَعْنِى صلاةَ العِيدِ. وقال: ما صَلَّى قبلَ العِيدِ بَدْرِىٌّ. ونَهَى عنه أبو مسعودٍ البَدْرِىُّ. ورُوِىَ أنَّ عليًّا، رَضِىَ اللَّه عنه، رَأَى قَوْمًا يُصَلُّونَ قبلَ العِيدِ، فقال: ما كان هذا يُفْعَلُ على عَهْدِ رسولِ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- (٣). وقال أحمدُ: أهْلُ المَدِينَةِ لا يَتَطَوَّعُونَ قبلهَا ولا بعدَها، وأهْلُ البَصْرَةِ يَتَطَوَّعُونَ قبلهَا وبعدَها، وأهْلُ الكُوفَة لا يَتَطَوَّعُونَ قبلَها، ويَتَطَوَّعُونَ بعدَها. وهذا قولُ عَلْقَمَةَ، والأَسْوَد، ومُجَاهِدٍ، وابنِ أبي لَيْلَى، والنَّخَعِىِّ، والثَّوْرِىِّ، والأوْزَاعِىِّ، وأصْحَابِ الرَّأْىِ. وقال مالِكٌ: لا يَتَطَوَّعُ في المُصَلَّى قبلَها ولا بعدَها. وله في المَسْجِدِ رِوايتان: إحْدَاهُما، يَتَطَوَّعُ؛ لقولِ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "إذَا دَخَلَ أَحَدُكُم المَسْجِدَ فَلَا يَجْلِسْ حَتَّى يَرْكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ" (٤). وقال الشَّافِعِىُّ: يُكْرَهُ التَّطَوُّعُ لِلْإِمامِ دون المَأْمُومِ؛ لأنَّ الإِمامَ لا يُسْتَحَبُّ له التَّشَاغُلُ عن الصلاةِ، ولم يُكْرَه لِلْمَأْمُومِ، لأنَّه وقْتٌ لم يُنْهَ عن الصلاةِ فيه، أشْبَهَ ما بعدَ الزَّوَالِ. ولَنا، ما رَوَى ابنُ عَبَّاسٍ، أنَّ النَّبِيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- خَرَجَ يَوْمَ الفِطْرِ، فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، لم يُصَلِّ قَبْلَهما ولا بَعْدَهما. مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٥). ورَوَى ابنُ عمرَ نحوَه (٦). ولأنَّه

Notes

(٣) أخرجه عبد الرزاق، في: باب الصلاة قبل خروج الإِمام وبعد الخطبة، من كتاب العيدين. المصنف ٣/ ٢٧٦، ٢٧٧.(٤) تقدم تخريجه في: ٢/ ١١٩.(٥) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب الخطبة بعد العيد، وباب الصلاة قبل العيد وبعدها، من كتاب العيدين، وفى: باب التحريض على الصدقة والشفاعة، من كتاب الزكاة. صحيح البخاري ٢/ ٢٣، ٣٠، ١٤٠. ومسلم، في: باب ترك الصلاة قبل العيد وبعدها في المصلى، من كتاب العيدين. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٦٠٦. كما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب الصلاة بعد صلاة العيد، من كتاب الصلاة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ٢٦٤. والترمذي، في: باب ما جاء لا صلاة قبل العيد ولا بعدها، من أبواب العيدين. عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ٨. والنسائي، في: باب الصلاة قبل العيدين وبعدها، من كتاب العيدين. المجتبى ٣/ ١٥٧. وابن ماجه، في: باب ما جاء في الصلاة قبل صلاة العيد وبعدها، من كتاب إقامة الصلاة. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٤١٠. والدارمى، في: باب لا صلاة قبل العيد ولا بعدها، من كتاب الصلاة. سنن الدارمي ١/ ٣٧٦. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ١/ ٣٤٠، ٣٥٥.(٦) أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء لا صلاة قبل العيد ولا بعدها، من أبواب العيدين. عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ٩. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٢/ ٥٧.

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