the nights of Tashriq along with the men in the mosque. It is appropriate for them to lower their voices so that the men do not hear them. There is another report from Ahmad that they do not recite the takbir, because the takbir is a form of dhikr in which raising the voice is prescribed, and it is not prescribed in their regard, like the Adhan.
Section: The masbuq (one who has missed part of the prayer) recites the takbir when he finishes making up what he missed. Ahmad stated this explicitly, and this is the view of the majority of scholars. Al-Hasan said: He recites the takbir, then makes up the prayer, because it is a dhikr prescribed at the end of the prayer, so the masbuq performs it before completing the prayer, like the tashahhud. From Mujahid and Makhul it is said: He recites the takbir, then makes up the prayer, then recites the takbir for that. Our evidence is that it is a dhikr prescribed after the taslim, so he does not perform it during the prayer, like the second taslim and the supplication after it. If the person praying has a prostration of forgetfulness (sujud al-sahw) after the taslim, he performs it, then recites the takbir. This is the view of al-Thawri, al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). I know of no dissenter regarding this, and this is because it is a prostration prescribed for the prayer, so the takbir is after it and after its tashahhud, just as it is after the prostrations of the prayer itself. The end of the period for the takbir is the Asr prayer of the last day of the days of Tashriq, for the reason we mentioned in the previous issue.
Section: If he misses a prayer from the days of Tashriq and makes it up during them, its ruling is the ruling of the prayer performed on time regarding the takbir, because it is a prayer during the days of Tashriq. Likewise, if he misses a prayer from outside the days of Tashriq and makes it up during them, the same applies. If he misses a prayer from the days of Tashriq and makes it up outside of them, he does not recite the takbir, because the takbir is restricted to the time, so it is not performed outside of it, like the talbiyah.
Section: He recites the takbir while facing the qiblah. Ahmad narrated this from Ibrahim. Abu Bakr said:
(4) In the original: "fa-ata" (so he performs). (5) Extracted by Ibn Abi Shaybah in: Chapter on the man who misses a rak'ah during the days of Tashriq and what he should do, from the Book of Prayers. Al-Musannaf 2/185, 186. (6) In the original: "kabbara" (he recited the takbir). (7) In the original there is an addition: "qala Ibrahim" (Ibrahim said), which is an error.
ليالىَ التَّشْرِيقِ مع الرِّجَالِ في المسجدِ. ويَنْبَغِى لَهُنَّ أن يَخْفِضْنَ أَصْواتَهُنَّ، حتى لا يَسْمَعَهُنَّ الرِّجَالُ. وعن أحمدَ رِوَايةٌ أخرى، أنَّهُنَّ لا يُكَبِّرْنَ؛ لأنَّ التَّكْبِيرَ ذِكْرٌ يُشْرَعُ فيه رَفْعُ الصَّوْتِ، فلم يُشْرَعْ في حَقِّهِنَّ، كالأذانِ.
فصل: والمَسْبُوقُ ببَعْضِ الصلاةِ يُكَبِّرُ إذا فَرَغَ من قَضاءِ ما فاتَه. نَصَّ عليه أحمدُ. وهذا قولُ أكْثَرِ أهْلِ العِلْمِ. وقال الحسنُ: يُكَبِّرُ، ثم يَقْضِى؛ لأنَّه ذِكْرٌ مَشْرُوعٌ في آخِرِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَيَأْتِى (٤) به المَسْبُوقُ قبلَ القَضاءِ، كالتَّشَهُّدِ. وعن مُجَاهِدٍ، ومَكْحُولٍ: يُكَبِّرُ، ثُم يَقْضِى، ثم يُكَبِّرُ لذلك (٥). ولَنا، أنَّه ذِكْرٌ شُرِعَ بعد السَّلامِ، فلم يَأْتِ به في أثْناء الصلاةِ، كالتَّسْلِيمَةِ الثانيةِ، والدُّعاءِ بعدَها. وإن كان على المُصَلِّى سُجُودُ سَهْوٍ بعدَ السَّلامِ سَجَدَهُ، ثم يُكَبِّرُ (٦). وبهذا قال الثَّوْرِيُّ، والشَّافِعِيُّ، وإسحاقُ، وأصْحابُ الرَّأْىِ. ولا أعْلَمُ فيه مُخالِفًا، وذلك لأنَّه سُجُودٌ مَشْرُوعٌ لِلصلاةِ، فكان التَّكْبِيرُ بعدَه، وبعد تَشَهُّدِهِ كسُجُودِ صُلْبِ الصلاةِ، وآخِرُ مُدَّةِ التَّكْبِيرِ العَصْرُ من آخِرِ أيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ؛ لما ذَكَرْنَاهُ في المَسْألَةِ التي قَبْلَها.
فصل: وإذا فاتَتْهُ صلاةٌ من أيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ فقَضَاها فيها، فَحُكْمُها حُكْمُ المُؤَدَّاةِ في التَّكْبِيرِ؛ لأنَّها صلاةٌ في أيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ. وكذلك إن فَاتَتْهُ من غير أيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ فقَضَاها فيها كذلك. وإن فَاتَتْهُ من أيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ، فقَضَاها في غيرِها، لم يُكَبِّرْ؛ لأنَّ التَّكْبِيرَ مُقَيَّدٌ بالوَقْتِ، فلم يُفْعَلْ في غيرِه، كالتَّلْبِيَةِ.
فصل: ويُكَبِّرُ مُسْتَقْبِلَ القِبْلَة. حَكاه أحمدُ عن إبراهيمَ (٧). قال أبو بكرٍ:
(٤) في الأصل: "فأتى".(٥) أخرجه ابن أبي شيبة، في: باب في الرجل تفوته الركعة أيام التشريق كيف يصنع، من كتاب الصلوات. المصنف ٢/ ١٨٥، ١٨٦.(٦) في الأصل: "كبر".(٧) في الأصل زيادة: "قال إبراهيم" خطأ.