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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 3 · Page 320318 - Issue: He said: (Whoever becomes safe while in the prayer, shall complete it as the prayer of a safe person. Likewise, if he was safe and his fear intensifies, he shall complete it as the prayer of a fearful person).

Translation · EN

his leather socks, thinking that it was sufficient for him, and then prayed, only for it to later become clear that his sock was torn. Similarly, it is as if a person who had lost their ritual purity (muhdith) assumed that they were in a state of purity and prayed. It is possible that repetition is not required if there is an enemy, but there is something between them and the enemy that prevents crossing; because the cause for fear is confirmed, and it was only the obstacle that was hidden.

318 - Issue: He said: (Whoever becomes safe while in the prayer completes it as a prayer of one who is safe. Likewise, if he were safe, and his fear intensified, he completes it as the prayer of one who is fearful.)

The entirety of this matter is that if he performs part of the prayer during a state of intense fear, while omitting one of its obligations, such as facing the Qiblah and others, then becomes safe during the prayer, he completes it while performing its obligations. If he were riding while facing other than the Qiblah, he dismounts while facing the Qiblah. If he were walking, he stops and faces the Qiblah, and builds upon what has passed; because what passed was correct before becoming safe, so it is permissible to build upon it, just as if he had not omitted any of the obligations. If he neglects facing the Qiblah upon dismounting, or neglects any of its obligations after he becomes safe, his prayer becomes invalid. If he starts the prayer while safe, according to its conditions and obligations, and then intense fear occurs, he completes it according to what he needs, for example, if he is standing on the ground facing the Qiblah, and needs to ride and face away from the Qiblah, he completes it according to what he needs, and he may strike or hit or similar, as he proceeds to do so, and he builds upon what passed from his prayer. It is narrated from al-Shafi'i that if he becomes safe, he dismounts and builds [upon it], and if he becomes afraid, he rides and starts over; because riding is excessive movement. This is not correct; because riding may be minor, so its like in the right of one who is safe does not invalidate it, so it is more appropriate in the right of one who is fearful, like dismounting. Furthermore, it is an action that was permitted due to need, so it does not prevent the validity of the prayer, like fleeing.

Notes

(13) In the original: "mujzi'" (sufficient). (1) In the original: "wa hakadha" (and thus).

Arabic (Source)

خُفَّيْهِ، ظَنًّا منه أنَّ ذلك يُجْزِئُ (١٣) عنه وصَلَّى، ثم تَبَيَّنَ أنَّ خُفَّهُ كان مُخَرَّقًا، وكما لو ظَنَّ المُحْدِثُ أنَّه مُتَطَهِّرٌ فصَلَّى. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنْ لا تَلْزَمَ الإِعادَةُ إذا كان عَدُوًّا بينهم وبينه ما يَمْنَعُ العُبُورَ؛ لأنَّ السَّبَبَ لِلْخَوْفِ مُتَحَقِّقٌ، وإنَّما خَفِىَ المانِعُ.

٣١٨ - مسألة؛ قال: (ومَنْ أَمِنَ وَهُوَ في الصَّلَاةِ، أتَمَّهَا صَلَاةَ آمِنٍ، وكَذَلِكَ (١) إنْ كَانَ آمِنًا، فَاشْتَدَّ خوْفُه، أَتَمَّها صَلَاةَ خائِفٍ)

وجُمْلَتُه أنَّه إذا صلَّى بعضَ الصلاةِ حالَ شِدَّةِ الخَوْفِ، مع الإِخْلالِ بِشىءٍ من وَاجِبَاتِها، كالاسْتِقْبَالِ وغيرِه، فأمِنَ في أثْناء الصلاةِ، أتَمَّها آتِيًا بِوَاجِباتِها، فإذا كان رَاكِبًا إلى غيرِ القِبْلَةِ، نَزَلَ مُسْتَقْبِلَ القِبْلَةِ، وإن كان مَاشِيًا، وَقَفَ واسْتَقْبَلَ القِبْلَةَ، وَبنَى على ما مَضَى؛ لأنَّ ما مَضَى كان صَحِيحًا قبلَ الأمْنِ، فجاز البِناءُ عليه، كما لو لم يُخِلَّ بشيءٍ من الوَاجِباتِ. وإن تَرَكَ الاسْتِقْبالَ حالَ نُزُولِهِ، أو أخَلَّ بِشىءٍ من وَاجِباتِها بعدَ أمْنِه، فَسَدَتْ صلاتُه. وإن ابْتَدَأَ الصلاةَ آمِنًا بِشُرُوطِها وواجِبَاتِها، ثم حَدَثَ شِدَّةُ خَوْفٍ، أتَمَّها، على حَسَبِ ما يَحْتَاجُ إليه، مثلُ أن يكونَ قَائِمًا على الأرْضِ مُسْتَقْبِلًا، فَيْحَتاجُ أن يَرْكَبَ ويَسْتَدبرَ القِبْلَةَ، أتَمَّها على حَسَبِ ما يَحْتَاجُ إليه، ويَطْعَنُ ويَضْرِبُ ونحوَ ذلك، فإنَّه يَصِيرُ إليه، ويَبْنِى على ما مَضَى من صلاتِه. وحُكِىَ عن الشَّافِعِىِّ أنَّه إذا أمِنَ نَزَلَ فبَنَى، وإذا خافَ فرَكِبَ ابْتَدَأَ؛ لأنَّ الرُكُوبَ عَمَلٌ كَثِيرٌ. ولا يَصِحُّ؛ لأنَّ الرُّكُوبَ قد يكونُ يَسِيرًا، فمثلُه في حَقِّ الآمِنِ لا يُبْطِلُ، ففى حَقِّ الخَائِفِ أوْلَى كالنُّزُولِ، ولأنَّه عَمَلٌ أُبِيحَ لِلْحاجَةِ، فلم يَمْنَعْ صِحَّةَ الصلاةِ كالهَرَبِ.

Notes

(١٣) في الأصل: "مجزىء".(١) في الأصل: "وهكذا".

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