Section: Whatever [the Imam] recites is permissible, whether the recitation is long or short. It is narrated from Aisha that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to pray four rak'ahs and four prostrations during a solar or lunar eclipse, and he recited Surat al-'Ankabut and al-Rum in the first [rak'ah], and Surat Ya Sin in the second. Reported by al-Daraqutni (21).
Section: It has not reached us from Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him) that there is a khutbah (sermon) for it, and our companions maintain that it has no khutbah. This is the school of Malik and the jurists (Ashab al-Ra'y). Al-Shafi'i said: He delivers a sermon like the two sermons of Jumu'ah, due to what Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated, that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) turned away after the sun had become bright, and he addressed the people, praised Allah and extolled Him, then said: "The sun and the moon are two signs from among the signs of Allah; they do not eclipse because of the death or life of anyone. So when you see that, call upon Allah, magnify Him, pray, and give charity." Then he said: "O Ummah of Muhammad, by Allah, there is no one more jealous than Allah that His servant or maidservant should commit adultery. O Ummah of Muhammad, if you knew what I knew, you would laugh little and weep much." Agreed upon (22). Our evidence is this report, for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ordered them to pray, supplicate, magnify, and give charity, but he did not order them to perform a sermon. If it were a Sunnah, he would have ordered them to do it. Furthermore, it is a prayer that an individual performs in their house, so a sermon is not legislated for it. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) only gave a sermon after the prayer to teach them its ruling, and this is specific to him. There is nothing in the report that indicates he preached like the two sermons of Jumu'ah.
Section: It is recommended to remember Allah the Exalted, supplicate, magnify, seek forgiveness,
(21) In: The Chapter on the Description and Manner of the Lunar and Solar Eclipse, from the Book of the Eclipse. Sunan al-Daraqutni 2/94. (22) Reported by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on Charity during an Eclipse, from the Book of the Eclipse. Sahih al-Bukhari 2/42, 43. And Muslim, in: The Chapter on the Eclipse Prayer, from the Book of the Eclipse. Sahih Muslim 2/618. It was also reported by al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on How the Sermon is Conducted in an Eclipse, from the Book of the Eclipse. Al-Mujtaba 3/123. And Imam Malik, in: The Chapter on Practice regarding the Eclipse Prayer, from the Book of the Eclipse. Al-Muwatta' 1/186. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 2/164.
فصل: ومَهْمَا قَرَأَ به جازَ سَوَاءٌ كانت القِراءَةُ طَوِيلَةً أو قَصِيرَةً. وقد رُوِىَ عن عائشة، أنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- كان يُصَلِّى في كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ والقَمَرِ أرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ، وأرْبَعَ سَجَدَاتٍ، وقَرَأَ في الأُولَى بالعَنْكَبُوتِ والرُّومِ، وفى الثَّانِيَةِ بيس. أخْرَجَه الدَّارَقُطْنِىُّ (٢١).
فصل: ولم يَبْلُغْنَا عن أحمدَ، رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أنَّ لها خُطْبَةً، وأصْحابُنا على أنَّها لا خُطْبَةَ لها. وهذا مذهبُ مالِكٍ، وأصْحَابِ الرَّأْىِ. وقال الشَّافِعِىُّ: يَخْطُبُ كَخُطْبَتَىِ الجُمُعَةِ؛ لما رَوَتْ عائشةُ، رَضِىَ اللهُ عنها، أنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- انْصَرَفَ وقد انْجَلَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فخَطَبَ النَّاسَ، وحَمِدَ اللهَ، وأثْنَى عليه، ثم قال: "إنَّ الشَّمْسَ والقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللهِ، لَا يَخْسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أحَدٍ ولَا لِحَيَاتِه، فَإذَا رَأَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَادْعُوا اللهَ، وكَبِّرُوا، وصَلُّوا، وتَصَدَّقُوا" ثم قال: "يا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ، واللهِ مَا أحَدٌ أغْيَرُ مِنَ اللهِ أن يَزْنِىَ عَبْدُهُ أو تَزْنِىَ أَمَتُهُ، يَا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ لو تَعْلَمُونَ ما أَعْلَمُ لَضَحِكْتُمْ قَلِيلًا ولبَكَيْتُمْ كَثِيرًا". مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٢٢). ولنَا، هذا الخَبَرُ، فإن النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أَمَرَهم بالصَّلَاةِ والدُّعَاءِ والتَّكْبِيرِ والصَّدَقَةِ، ولم يَأْمُرْهم بخُطْبَةٍ، ولو كانت سُنَّةً لأمَرَهم بها، ولأنَّها صلاةٌ يَفْعَلُها المُنْفَرِدُ في بَيْتِه، فلم يُشْرَعْ لها خُطْبَةٌ، وإنَّما خَطَبَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- بعدَ الصلاةِ لِيُعَلِّمَهُمْ حُكْمَها، وهذا مُخْتَصٌّ به، وليس في الخَبَرِ ما يَدُلُّ على أنَّه خَطَبَ كخُطْبَتَىِ الجُمُعَةِ.
فصل: ويُسْتَحَبُّ ذِكْرُ اللَّه تعالى، والدُّعَاءُ، والتَّكْبِيرُ، والاسْتِغْفارُ،
(٢١) في: باب صفة الخسوف والكسوف وهيئتها، من كتاب الكسوف. سنن الدارقطني ٢/ ٩٤.(٢٢) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب الصدقة في الكسوف، من كتاب الكسوف. صحيح البخاري ٢/ ٤٢، ٤٣. ومسلم، في: باب صلاة الكسوف، من كتاب الكسوف. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٦١٨. كما أخرجه النسائي، في: باب كيف الخطبة في الكسوف، من كتاب الكسوف. المجتبى ٣/ ١٢٣. والإِمام مالك، في: باب العمل في صلاة الكسوف، من كتاب صلاة الكسوف. الموطأ ١/ ١٨٦. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٢/ ١٦٤.
