Section: If the follower (ma'mum) catches the imam in the second bowing (ruku'), it is possible that the rak'ah is lost to him. The Qadi said: This is because a bowing has been lost to him from the rak'ah, making it similar to the case where he misses the bowing in other than this prayer. It is also possible that his prayer is valid; because it is permissible to perform this prayer with one bowing, and thus it suffices for the one who joined late (masbuq). And Allah knows best.

321 - Issue: He said: "And if the eclipse occurs at a time other than a prayer time (1), he should substitute the prayer with glorification (tasbih)." This is the manifest position of the school (madhhab); because a voluntary prayer (nafilah) is not performed at times when prayer is prohibited, regardless of whether it has a reason or not.

This was narrated from al-Hasan, 'Ata', 'Ikrimah ibn Khalid, Ibn Abi Mulaykah, 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn 'Amr ibn Hazm, Malik, and Abu Hanifah, in contrast to al-Shafi'i. The discussion on this has already passed. Ahmad explicitly stated it. Al-Athram said: I heard Abu 'Abd Allah being asked about an eclipse occurring at a time other than a prayer time; what should they do? He said: They should remember Allah and not pray except at a time for prayer. It was said to him: And likewise after Fajr? He said: Yes, they should not pray. It was narrated from Qatadah that he said: The sun eclipsed after 'Asr while we were in Makkah, and they stood praying (supplicating), so I asked 'Ata' about that, and he said: This is what they do. I asked al-Zuhri about that, and he said: This is what they do (2). Isma'il ibn Sa'id narrated from Ahmad that they perform the eclipse prayer during times of prohibition. Abu Bakr 'Abd al-'Aziz said: I hold the first view. It is the clearer of the two opinions in my view, and the discussion on that has already preceded in its chapter (3).

Section: Our colleagues said: One prays for an earthquake just as one prays for an eclipse. This was explicitly stated, and it is the school of Ishaq and Abu Thawr. The Qadi said: One does not pray for tremors, severe wind, darkness, and the like. Al-Amidi said: One prays for that, as well as for falling stars, thunderbolts, and heavy rain. He attributed this to Ibn Abi Musa. The proponents of opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y) said: Praying for all portents is commendable; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) explained the eclipse by stating that it is one of the signs of Allah Almighty, with which He frightens His servants, and Ibn 'Abbas prayed for an earthquake in Basra. This was narrated by Sa'id (4). Malik and al-Shafi'i said: One does not pray for any of the portents except the eclipse; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not pray for anything else, even though some of these portents occurred in his era, and likewise [during the eras of] his successors. The justification for the prayer for an earthquake is the action of Ibn 'Abbas, but for others, one does not pray; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not pray for them, nor did any of his companions. And Allah knows best.