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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 3 · Page 378339 - Issue: He said: (And hot water, soapwort (ushnan), and toothpicks should be used if needed)

Translation · EN

339 - Issue: He said: (And hot water, al-ushnan (alkali plant), and the toothpick are to be used if needed).

These three are to be used when there is a need for them, such as if hot water is needed because of extreme cold, or for dirt that will not be removed except by it. Likewise, al-ushnan is used if there is dirt on the deceased. Ahmad said: "If the patient's illness is prolonged, he is washed with al-ushnan." He means that his dirt becomes abundant, so he needs al-ushnan to remove it. The toothpick (al-khilal) is needed to extract something. It is recommended that it be from a soft tree such as willow and the like, which cleanses without causing injury. If he wraps cotton around its head, that is good. He should investigate what is under his nails until he cleans them. If there is no need for any of that, it is not recommended to use it. This is the opinion of al-Shafi'i. Abu Hanifa said: Heated (water) is better in all cases, because it cleanses what cold water does not cleanse. Our argument is that cold water tightens while heated water relaxes. For this reason, camphor is placed in water to tighten and cool it. Cleansing is achieved with sidr (lotus jujube) if the dirt is not excessive; if it is excessive or will not be removed except with hot water, it becomes recommended.

340 - Issue: He said: (And he washes the third time with water containing camphor and sidr, and it should not contain whole sidr leaves).

The obligatory (requirement) in washing the deceased is once; [because it is a washing that is obligatory without any impurity having affected him, so it is once,] like the washing for janaba (major ritual impurity) and menstruation. It is recommended that he be washed

Notes

= Etiquette. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/554. And al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter of what came regarding greeting the People of the Dhimma, from the Chapters of Seeking Permission. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 10/175. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on Gentleness, from the Book of Etiquette. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1216. And al-Darimi, in: The Chapter on Gentleness, from the Book of Softening Hearts (Riqaq). Sunan al-Darimi 2/323. And Imam Malik, in: The Chapter on what one is commanded to do during travel, from the Book of Seeking Permission. Al-Muwatta 2/979. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 1/112, 4/87, 6/37, 85, 199. (1) Al-Ushnan: A substance that polishes and cleanses. (2) In manuscript M: "Al-wasakh" (dirt). (3) In manuscript M: "wa lam" (and if it did not). (1) Omitted from manuscript A.

Arabic (Source)

٣٣٩ - مسألة؛ قال: (والْمَاءُ الحَارُّ، والأُشْنَانُ (١)، والخِلَالُ، يُسْتَعْمَلُ إن احْتِيجَ إلَيْهِ)

هذه الثَّلَاثَةُ تُسْتَعْمَلُ عندَ الحاجةِ إليها، مثل أن يُحْتاجَ إلى المَاءِ الحَارِّ لِشِدَّةِ البَرْدِ، أو لوَسَخٍ (٢) لا يَزُولُ إلَّا به، وكذا الأُشْنَانُ يُسْتَعْمَلُ إذا كان على المَيِّتِ وَسَخٌ. قال أحمدُ: إذا طالَ ضَنَى المريضِ غُسِّلَ بالأُشْنانِ. يَعْنِى أنَّه يَكْثُرُ وَسَخُهُ، فَيَحْتاجُ إلى الأُشْنَانِ لِيُزِيلَهُ. والخِلالُ: يُحْتَاجُ إليه لإِخْراجِ شيءٍ، والمُسْتَحَبُّ أن يكونَ من شجرةٍ لَيِّنَةٍ كالصَّفْصافِ ونحوِه، مما يُنَقِّى ولا يَجْرَحُ، وإن لَفَّ على رَأْسِهِ قُطْنًا، فَحَسَنٌ. ويَتَتَبَّعُ ما تحت أظْفارِه حتى يُنَقِّيَهُ، فإنْ لم يَحْتَجْ إلى شيءٍ من ذلك لم يُسْتَحَبَّ اسْتِعْمالُه. وبهذا قال الشَّافِعِىُّ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: المُسَخَّنُ أوْلَى بكُلِّ حالٍ؛ لأنَّه يُنَقِّى ما لا يُنَقِّى البارِدُ. ولَنا، أنَّ البارِدَ يُمْسِكُه والمُسَخَّنَ يُرْخِيه، ولهذا يُطْرَح الكافُورُ في الماءِ ليشُدَّه ويُبَرِّدَه، والإِنْقاءُ يَحْصُلُ بالسِّدْرِ إذا لم يَكْثُرْ وَسَخُه، فإن كَثُرَ أو لم (٣) يَزُلْ إلَّا بالحارِّ صارَ مُسْتَحَبًّا.

٣٤٠ - مسألة؛ قال: (ويُغَسِّلُ الثَّالِثَةَ بمَاءٍ فيه كَافُورٌ وسِدْرٌ، ولَا يَكُونُ فيه سِدْرٌ صِحَاحٌ)

الوَاجِبُ في غُسْلِ المَيِّتِ مَرَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ؛ [لأنَّه غُسْلٌ وَاجِبٌ مِن غيرِ نَجاسَةٍ أصابَتْهُ، فكان مَرَّةً واحِدَةً] (١)، كغُسْلِ الجَنابةِ والحَيْضِ، ويُسْتَحَبُّ أن يُغَسَّلَ

Notes

= الأدب. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٥٥٤. والترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في التسليم على أهل الذمة، من أبواب الاستئذان. عارضة الأحوذى ١٠/ ١٧٥. وابن ماجه، في: باب الرفق، من كتاب الأدب. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ١٢١٦. والدارمى، في: باب في الرفق، من كتاب الرقاق. سنن الدارمي ٢/ ٣٢٣. والإِمام مالك، في: باب ما يؤمر به من العمل في السفر، من كتاب الاستئذان. الموطأ ٢/ ٩٧٩. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ١/ ١١٢، ٤/ ٨٧، ٦/ ٣٧، ٨٥، ١٩٩.(١) الأشنان: مادة تجلو وتنقِّى.(٢) في م: "الوسخ".(٣) في م: "ولم".(١) سقط من: أ.

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