Sa‘id ibn Zayd should pray over her; Abu Bakrah bequeathed that Abu Barzah should pray over him. Others said: ‘Aishah bequeathed that Abu Hurayrah should pray over her, Ibn Mas‘ud bequeathed that al-Zubayr should pray over him, Yunus ibn Jubayr bequeathed that Anas ibn Malik should pray over him, and Abu Sarihah bequeathed that Zayd ibn Arqam should pray over him. Then ‘Amr ibn Hurayth—who was the governor of Kufah—came to step forward and pray over him, but his son said: "O Amir, my father has bequeathed that Zayd ibn Arqam should pray over him," so he brought Zayd forward. These are occurrences that spread, and no one was seen to oppose them, so they constitute a consensus. Furthermore, this is a right of the deceased, for it is an intercession for him; thus, his bequest regarding it is given precedence, just as the distribution of his one-third [of his estate]. Guardianship in marriage also prioritizes the executor (wasi); therefore, it is like our issue. Even if that were granted, it is not his right; rather, it is a right for the person under guardianship. Furthermore, the difference between the two is that the governor is given priority in the prayer, unlike in the guardianship of marriage. Also, the objective of the prayer is supplication and intercession to Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, so the deceased chooses for that the one who is more outwardly righteous and closer to having their prayer answered, unlike in the guardianship of marriage.
Section: If the executor (wasi) is a corrupt person (fasiq) or an innovator (mubtadi‘), the bequest is not accepted because the testator was ignorant of the Shari‘ah, so we rejected his bequest, just as if the executor were a dhimmi (non-Muslim citizen). If the closest relative to him is likewise, he is not given priority, and someone else prays, just as one is prevented from stepping forward in the five daily prayers.
356 - Issue; He said: (Then the governor (amir)).
Most of the scholars hold the view that the governor is given priority over relatives in the prayer over the deceased. And he said:
(2) Omitted from [A]. (3) Abu Ghallab Yunus ibn Jubayr al-Bahili, a Basran Successor (Tabi‘i) who was trustworthy; he died after the year ninety. Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 11/436. (4) Abu Sarihah Hudhayfah ibn Asid al-Ghifari, the Companion; he witnessed Hudaybiyyah, and it is said he gave allegiance under the tree. He died in the year forty-two. Usd al-Ghabah 1/466, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 2/219. (5) Omitted from the original. (6) In the original: "the testator (al-musi)".
يُصَلِّىَ عليها سَعِيدُ بن زيدٍ، وأبو بَكْرَةَ أوْصَى أن يُصَلِّيَ عليه [أبو بَرْزَةَ. وقال غيرُه: عائشةُ أوْصَتْ أن يُصَلِّىَ عليها أبو هُرَيْرَةَ، وابنُ مسعودٍ أوْصَى أن يُصَلِّىَ عليه] (٢) الزُّبَيْرُ، ويُونُسُ بنُ جُبَيْرٍ (٣) أوْصَى أن يُصَلِّىَ عليه أنَسُ بن مالِكٍ، وأبو سَرِيحةَ (٤) أَوْصَى أن يُصَلِّى عليه زَيْدُ بن أرْقَمَ، فجاءَ عَمْرُو بنُ حريثٍ، وهو أَمِيرُ الكُوفَة لِيَتَقَدَّمَ فَيُصَلِّىَ عليه، فقال ابنُه: أيُّها الأمِيرُ إنَّ أبى أوْصَى أن يُصَلِّىَ عليه زيدُ بنُ أرْقَمَ، فقَدَّمَ زيدًا. وهذه قَضَايَا انْتَشَرَتْ، فلم يَظْهَرْ لها مُخَالِفٌ، فكان إجْمَاعًا، ولأنَّه حَقٌّ لِلْمَيِّتِ، فإنَّها شَفَاعَةٌ له، فتُقَدَّمُ وَصِيَّتُه فيها كَتَفْرِيقِ ثُلُثِه، ووِلَايَةُ النِّكَاحِ يُقَدَّمُ فيها الوَصِيُّ أيضًا، فهى (٥) كمَسْألَتِنَا، وإن سُلِّمَتْ فليستْ حَقًّا له، إنَّما هي حَقٌّ للمُوَلَّى عليه، ثم الفَرْقُ بينهما أنَّ الأمِيرَ يُقَدَّمُ في الصلاةِ، بِخِلافِ وِلَايَةِ النِّكَاحِ، ولأنَّ الغَرَضَ في الصلاةِ الدُّعاءُ والشَّفاعَةُ إلى اللهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ، فالمَيِّتُ يَخْتارُ لذلك مَن هو أظْهَر صَلاحًا، وأقْرَبُ إجابَةً في الظَّاهِرِ، بِخِلافِ وِلايَةِ النِّكاحِ.
فصل: فإن كان الوَصِيُّ (٦) فَاسِقًا، أو مُبْتَدِعًا، لم تُقْبَلِ الوَصِيَّةُ؛ لأنَّ المُوصِىَ جَهِلَ الشَّرْعَ، فرَدَدْنا وَصِيَّتَهُ، كما لو كان الوَصِيُّ ذِمِّيًّا. فإن كان الأقْرَبَ إليه كذلك لم يُقَدَّمْ، وصَلَّى غيرُه، كما يُمْنَعُ من التَّقْدِيمِ في الصَّلَوَاتِ الخَمْسِ.
٣٥٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (ثم الأمِيرُ)
أكْثَرُ أهْلِ العِلْمِ يَرَوْنَ تَقْدِيمَ الأمِيرِ على الأقارِبِ في الصلاةِ على المَيِّتِ. وقال
(٢) سقط من: أ.(٣) أبو غلاب يونس بن جبير الباهلى، بصرى تابعى ثقة، توفى بعد التسعين. تهذيب التهذيب ١١/ ٤٣٦.(٤) أبو سريحة حذيفة بن أَسِيد الغفارى الصحابي، شهد الحديبية، وقيل إنه بايع تحت الشجرة، توفى سنة اثنتين وأربعين. أسد الغابة ١/ ٤٦٦. تهذيب التهذيب ٢/ ٢١٩.(٥) سقط من: الأصل.(٦) في الأصل: "الموصى".
