from among the Arabs, far from Medina, and this possibility is strengthened by his statement in the hadith: "And when I prostrated, my buttocks would protrude." This is not permissible.
Section: As for his leadership in a supererogatory prayer, there are two narrations regarding it: The first is that it is not valid, due to what we mentioned regarding the obligatory prayer. The second is that it is valid, because he is one performing a supererogatory prayer leading others who are performing a supererogatory prayer, and because the supererogatory prayer admits of leniency, which is why a congregation (30) is formed by him in it when he is a follower.
Section: It is disliked for a person to lead a group of people most of whom dislike him, based on what Abu Umamah narrated, saying: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "There are three whose prayer does not rise above their ears: a runaway slave until he returns, a woman who spends the night while her husband is displeased with her, and an imam of a people who dislike him" (31). Al-Tirmidhi said: This is a hasan gharib hadith. And from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "There are three from whom prayer is not accepted: one who takes the lead of a people who dislike him, a man who comes to prayer dibaran"—and al-dibar is that one comes after the time has passed—"and a man who enslaves a freed person." Narrated by Abu Dawud (32). 'Ali said to a man who led a people while they disliked him: You are truly a kharut (33). Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If one, two, or three people dislike him, there is no harm, until the majority of the people dislike him. And if he is a person of religion and Sunnah, and the people dislike him for that, his leadership is not disliked. Mansur said: We asked about the matter of the Imamah, and it was said to us: He only meant by this the oppressors. As for one who upholds the Sunnah, the sin is only upon those who dislike him.
Section: It is not disliked for a Bedouin (a'rabi) to lead the prayer if he is fit for it. This was explicitly stated by Ahmad. This is the view of 'Ata', al-Thawri, al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). Abu Mijlaz disliked
(30) Omitted from the Original. (31) Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has been said regarding one who leads a people while they dislike him, from the Chapters on Prayer. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 2/154. (32) In: Chapter on a man who leads a people in prayer while they dislike him, from the Book of Prayer. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/140. (33) Al-Kharut: An unruly beast that pulls its reins from the hand of the one holding it, then runs off blindly and recklessly.
من العَرَبِ بَعِيدٍ من المَدِينَةِ، وقَوَّى هذا الاحْتِمَالَ قَوْلُه في الحَدِيثِ: وكنتُ إذا سَجَدْتُ خَرَجَتْ اسْتِى. وهذا غيرُ سائِغٍ.
فصل: فأمَّا إمَامَتُه في النَّفْلِ ففيها رِوَايَتانِ: إحْدَاهما، لا تَصِحُّ؛ لما ذَكَرْنَا في الفَرْضِ. والثانيةُ، تَصِحُّ؛ لأنَّه مُتَنَفِّلٌ يَؤْمُّ مُتَنَفِّلِينَ، ولأنَّ النَّافِلَةَ يَدْخُلُها التَّخْفِيفُ، ولذلك تَنْعَقِدُ الجَماعةُ (٣٠) به فيها إذا كان مَأْمُومًا.
فصل: يُكْرَهُ أنْ يَؤُمَّ قومًا أَكْثَرُهم له كَارِهُونَ؛ لما رَوَى أبو أُمَامَةَ، قال: قال رَسولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "ثَلَاثَةٌ لا تُجَاوِزُ صَلَاتُهُم آذَانَهُمْ: العَبْدُ الآبِقُ حتى يَرْجِعَ، وامْرَأَةٌ باتَتْ وزَوْجُهَا عَلَيْهَا سَاخِطٌ، وإمَامُ قَومٍ وَهُمْ لَهُ كَارِهُونَ" (٣١). قال التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هذا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ. وعن عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ عَمْرٍو، أنَّ رَسولَ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "ثَلَاثَةٌ لا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ صَلَاةٌ: مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ قَوْمًا هُمْ لَهُ كَارِهُونَ، ورَجُلٌ يَأْتِى الصَّلَاةَ دِبَارًا" - والدِّبَارُ: أن يَأْتِىَ بعدَ أنْ يَفُوتَهُ الوَقْتُ - "ورَجُلٌ اعْتَبَدَ مُحَرَّرًا". رَوَاه أبو دَاوُدَ (٣٢). وقال عليٌّ لِرَجُلٍ أمَّ قومًا وهم له كَارِهُونَ: إنَّك لَخَرُوطٌ (٣٣). قال أحمدُ، رَحِمَه اللهُ: إذا كَرِهَهُ وَاحِدٌ أو اثْنَانِ أو ثَلَاثَةُ فلا بَأْسَ، حتى يَكْرَهَهُ أَكْثَرُ القَوْمِ، وإنْ كان ذا دِينٍ وسُنَّةٍ فكَرِهَهُ القَوْمُ لذلك، لم تُكْرَهْ إمَامَتُه. قال مَنْصُورٌ: أمَا إنَّا سَأَلْنَا أَمْرَ الإِمامةِ، فقِيلَ لنا: إنَّما عَنَى بهذا الظَّلَمةَ فأَمَّا من أقامَ السُّنَّةَ فإنَّما الإِثْمُ على مَنْ كَرِهَهُ.
فصل: ولا تُكْرَهُ إمَامَةُ الأعْرَابِىِّ إذا كان يَصْلُحُ لها. نَصَّ عليه. وهذا قَوْلُ عَطاءٍ، والثَّوْرِىِّ، والشَّافِعِىِّ، وإسْحاقَ، وأصْحابِ الرَّأْىِ، وكَرِهَ أبو مِجْلَزٍ
(٣٠) سقط من: الأصل.(٣١) أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في من أم قوما وهم له كارهون، من أبواب الصلاة. عارضة الأحوذى ٢/ ١٥٤.(٣٢) في: باب الرجل يؤم القوم وهم له كارهون، من كتاب الصلاة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ١٤٠.(٣٣) الخروط: الدابة الجموح الذي يجتذب رسنه من يد ممسكه ثم يمضى عائرا خارطا.
